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When reviewing the electronic health record of a female patient, the nurse reads that the patient has a history of adenomyosis. The nurse should be aware that this patient experiences symptoms resulting from what pathophysiologic process?
- A. Loss of muscle tone in the vaginal wall
- B. Excessive synthesis and release of unopposed estrogen
- C. Invasion of the uterine wall by endometrial tissue
- D. Proliferation of tumors in the uterine wall
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Adenomyosis involves the invasion of endometrial tissue into the uterine wall, causing symptoms. It is not related to vaginal muscle tone, unopposed estrogen, or tumor proliferation.
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A patient has been diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The nurse should encourage what health promotion activity to address the patients hormone imbalance and infertility?
- A. Kegel exercises
- B. Increased fluid intake
- C. Weight loss
- D. Topical antibiotics as ordered
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight loss, even as little as 5% of body weight, can improve hormone imbalance and infertility in PCOS. Kegel exercises and fluid intake do not address PCOS. Antibiotics are irrelevant as PCOS is not infectious.
While taking a health history on a 20-year-old female patient, the nurse ascertains that this patient is taking miconazole (Monistat). The nurse is justified in presuming that this patient has what medical condition?
- A. Bacterial vaginosis
- B. Human papillomavirus (HPV)
- C. Candidiasis
- D. Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Candidiasis is a fungal or yeast infection caused by strains of Candida. Miconazole (Monistat) is an antifungal medication used in the treatment of candidiasis. This agent is inserted into the vagina with an applicator at bedtime and may be applied to the vulvar area for pruritus. HPV, bacterial vaginosis, and TSS are not treated by Monistat.
A middle-aged female patient has been offered testing for HIV/AIDS upon admission to the hospital for an unrelated health problem. The nurse observes that the patient is visibly surprised and embarrassed by this offer. How should the nurse best respond?
- A. Most women with HIV dont know they have the disease. If you have it, its important we catch it early.
- B. This testing is offered to every adolescent and adult regardless of their lifestyle, appearance or history.
- C. The rationale for this testing is so that you can begin treatment as soon as testing comes back, if its positive.
- D. Youre being offered this testing because you are actually in the prime demographic for HIV infection.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Routine HIV screening is offered to all individuals aged 13 to 64 in healthcare settings to reduce stigma and encourage testing. This approach avoids assumptions about risk and alleviates patient anxiety.
A 27-year-old female patient is diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer and is told she needs to have a hysterectomy. One of the nursing diagnoses for this patient is disturbed body image related to perception of femininity. What intervention would be most appropriate for this patient?
- A. Reassure the patient that she will still be able to have children.
- B. Reassure the patient that she does not have to have sex to be feminine.
- C. Reassure the patient that you know how she is feeling and that you feel her anxiety and pain.
- D. Reassure the patient that she will still be able to have intercourse with sexual satisfaction and orgasm.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reassuring the patient that sexual intercourse is possible post-hysterectomy with satisfaction and orgasm addresses body image concerns related to femininity. The patient cannot have children after hysterectomy, and assuming her feelings is inappropriate.
A patient with a genital herpes exacerbation has a nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to the genital lesions. What nursing intervention best addresses this diagnosis?
- A. Cover the lesions with a topical antibiotic.
- B. Keep the lesions clean and dry.
- C. Apply a topical NSAID to the lesions.
- D. Remain on bed rest until the lesions resolve.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keeping herpes lesions clean and dry reduces pain and promotes healing. Antibiotics are ineffective for viral infections, and topical NSAIDs are not standard. Bed rest is unnecessary unless pain is severe.