Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions

Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions Related

Review Medical Surgical Nursing Practice Questions related questions and content

When reviewing the provider's orders, a nurse recognizes that clarification is needed for which of the following medications in a client experiencing an exacerbation of asthma?

  • A. Propranolol
  • B. Theophylline
  • C. Montelukast
  • D. Prednisone
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Propranolol. Propranolol is a beta-blocker that can exacerbate asthma symptoms by causing bronchoconstriction. This medication is contraindicated in patients with asthma. The other choices (B: Theophylline, C: Montelukast, D: Prednisone) are commonly used in the management of asthma exacerbations and do not typically require clarification in this context. Theophylline is a bronchodilator, Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist, and Prednisone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory effects in asthma.

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What is included in the routine assessment of the patient's cardiovascular function on admission to the PACU?

  • A. Monitoring arterial blood gases
  • B. Electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring
  • C. Determining fluid and electrolyte status
  • D. Direct arterial blood pressure monitoring
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: ECG monitoring assesses cardiovascular function, detecting arrhythmias or ischemia.

A client's arterial blood gas results show a pH of 7.3 and a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg. The client is experiencing which of the following acid-base imbalances?

  • A. Metabolic acidosis
  • B. Metabolic alkalosis
  • C. Respiratory acidosis
  • D. Respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respiratory acidosis. In this case, the low pH indicates acidosis, and the elevated PaCO2 indicates respiratory involvement. In respiratory acidosis, the lungs cannot eliminate enough CO2, leading to an increase in carbonic acid and a decrease in pH. Metabolic acidosis (choice A) would involve a primary decrease in bicarbonate levels, not seen in this scenario. Metabolic alkalosis (choice B) would involve an increase in bicarbonate levels, which is not indicated by the given information. Respiratory alkalosis (choice D) would have a low PaCO2 and an elevated pH, opposite of what is seen here.

Mrs. Blakely had an intracapsular extraction yesterday. Early this morning she complained of eye pain and nausea after breakfast while continuing to complain of eye pain. Your analysis of the situation is that Mrs. Blakely is

  • A. unable to tolerate a regular diet this soon postoperatively
  • B. allergic to the pain medication
  • C. experiencing increased intraocular pressure
  • D. exhibiting symptoms of postoperative infection
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Severe eye pain accompanied by nausea following cataract surgery suggests elevated intraocular pressure, which must be addressed promptly to prevent complications.

Which preoperative medications cause a decrease in respiratory tract secretions, dry mucous membranes, and interrupt vagal stimulation?

  • A. Histamine z-receptor antagonists
  • B. Antianxiety drugs
  • C. Anticholinergics
  • D. Sedatives
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because anticholinergics reduce secretions and block vagal activity.

When assigning staff to patients who are receiving chemotherapy, what is the major consideration about chemotherapeutic drugs?

  • A. During preparation,drugs may be absorbed through the skin or inhaled.
  • B. Many chemotherapeutics are vesicants.
  • C. Chemotherapeutics are frequently given through central venous access devices.
  • D. Oral and venous routes are the most common.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Safety precautions during drug preparation are paramount due to the potential for hazardous exposure to healthcare workers.

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