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When should the nurse expect breastfeeding-associated jaundice to first appear in a normal newborn?
- A. 0 to 12 hours
- B. 12 to 24 hours
- C. 2 to 4 days
- D. 4 to 5 days
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breastfeeding-associated jaundice typically first appears in a normal newborn between 2 to 4 days after birth. This type of jaundice is usually mild and is caused by insufficient milk intake, leading to decreased bilirubin elimination. It is important for healthcare providers to monitor the baby's weight and ensure adequate feeding to prevent or address breastfeeding-associated jaundice.
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Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is characterized by all the following EXCEPT
- A. thrombocytopenia
- B. microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
- C. coagulopathy
- D. association with infantile hemangiomas
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Kasabach-Merritt syndrome is not typically associated with hemangiomas.
Which of the following blood types would the nurse identify as the rarest?
- A. A
- B. AB
- C. B
- D. O
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood type AB is the rarest of all the blood types. This is because individuals with AB blood type have both A and B antigens on their red blood cells, making it less common than other blood types. In the ABO blood group system, the distribution of blood types in the general population is approximately 45% type O, 40% type A, 11% type B, and only about 4% type AB. Therefore, blood type AB would be identified as the rarest in the given options.
A 10-month-old child can do all the following EXCEPT
- A. says mama or dada
- B. follows one-step command without gesture
- C. points to objects or real first word
- D. speaks inhibition word 'no'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Speaking inhibition words like 'no' typically occurs later.
The nurse is preparing an in-service education to staff about atraumatic care for pediatric patients. Which intervention should the nurse include?
- A. Prepare the child for separation from parents during hospitalization by reviewing a video.
- B. Prepare the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating on a stuffed animal.
- C. Help the child accept the loss of control associated with hospitalization.
- D. Help the child accept pain that is connected with a treatment or procedure.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atraumatic care for pediatric patients aims to minimize emotional and psychological distress during hospitalization or medical procedures. Option B, preparing the child before any unfamiliar treatment or procedure by demonstrating it on a stuffed animal, is an appropriate intervention. This technique allows the child to understand what will happen, reduces fear of the unknown, and promotes a sense of control. By using a stuffed animal as a teaching tool, the nurse can provide clear information to the child in a non-threatening way, helping to alleviate anxiety and stress. This intervention encourages trust between the child and healthcare provider and promotes a positive healthcare experience for the pediatric patient.
The nurse is caring for an infant with a suspected urinary tract infection. Which clinical manifestations should be expected? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Vomiting
- B. Jaundice
- C. Failure to gain weight
- D. Swelling of the face
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A urinary tract infection (UTI) in an infant may present with symptoms such as vomiting and failure to gain weight. Vomiting can be a common sign of UTI in infants due to irritation and inflammation in the urinary tract. Additionally, infants with UTIs may experience poor feeding and failure to gain weight due to the discomfort and systemic effects of the infection. While symptoms like jaundice, swelling of the face, back pain, and persistent diaper rash can be seen in other conditions, they are not typically associated with a urinary tract infection in infants.