Adult Medical Surgical ATI

Adult Medical Surgical ATI Related

Review Adult Medical Surgical ATI related questions and content

When teaching a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who will start using fluticasone via MDI twice daily, which instruction should the nurse include?

  • A. Monitor your heart rate before each dose.
  • B. Inspect your mouth for lesions daily.
  • C. Do not use this medication to relieve an acute attack.
  • D. Do not skip the morning dose even if symptom-free.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inspect your mouth for lesions daily. This instruction is essential because fluticasone, a corticosteroid, can cause oral thrush as a side effect. By inspecting the mouth daily, the client can detect any lesions early and seek appropriate treatment. Monitoring heart rate (A) is not necessary for fluticasone use, as it does not typically affect heart rate. While it is important not to skip doses (D), the specific instruction about the morning dose is not as crucial. Avoiding the use of fluticasone for acute attacks (C) is correct, but it is not the most important instruction in this scenario.

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A client was exposed to anthrax. Which of the following antibiotics should the nurse plan to administer?

  • A. Ciprofloxacin
  • B. Fluconazole
  • C. Tobramycin
  • D. Vancomycin
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ciprofloxacin. Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, and ciprofloxacin is the recommended antibiotic for treating anthrax due to its effectiveness against this specific bacterium. Ciprofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA replication, thus stopping the growth and spread of the anthrax bacteria.

The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Fluconazole is an antifungal medication and is not effective against bacterial infections like anthrax.
C: Tobramycin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat bacterial infections in the eyes, ears, and skin, but it is not the first-line treatment for anthrax.
D: Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections, but it is not the preferred choice for anthrax treatment.

What are the six competencies from Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) that are expected of new nursing graduates?

  • A. Patient-centered care
  • B. Teamwork and collaboration
  • C. Evidence-based practice
  • D. Quality improvement
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: QSEN competencies include patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.

Priority Decision: When the nurse asks a preoperative patient about allergies, the patient reports a history of seasonal environmental allergies and allergies to a variety of fruits. What should the nurse do next?

  • A. Note this information in the patient's record as hay fever and food allergies.
  • B. Place an allergy alert wristband that identifies the specific allergies on the patient.
  • C. Ask the patient to describe the nature and severity of any allergic responses experienced from these agents.
  • D. Notify the anesthesia care provider (ACP) because the patient may have an increased risk for allergies to anesthetics.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Understanding the nature and severity of allergies helps in planning appropriate perioperative care and avoiding potential allergens.

A patient scheduled for hip replacement surgery in the early afternoon is NPO but receives and ingests a breakfast tray with clear liquids on the morning of surgery. What response does the nurse expect when the anesthesia care provider is notified?

  • A. Surgery will be done as scheduled.
  • B. Surgery will be rescheduled for the following day.
  • C. Surgery will be postponed for 8 hours after the fluid intake.
  • D. A nasogastric tube will be inserted to remove the fluids from the stomach.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Clear liquids are generally acceptable up to 2 hours before surgery, allowing the procedure to proceed as planned.

To prevent a common, adverse effect of prolonged use of phenytoin sodium (Dilantin), patients taking the drug are instructed to

  • A. avoid crowds and obtain an annual influenza vaccination.
  • B. drink at least 2 L of fluids daily, including 8 to 10 glasses of water.
  • C. eat a potassium-rich, low-sodium diet.
  • D. practice good dental hygiene and report gum swelling or bleeding.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Phenytoin can cause gum hyperplasia, so good dental hygiene is essential.

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