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When teaching the parents of a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which statement by the parents would indicate the need for further teaching?
- A. We'll have him do his homework at the kitchen table with his brothers and sisters.
- B. We'll make sure he completes one task before going on to another.
- C. We'll set up rules with specific times for eating, sleeping, and playing.
- D. We'll use simple, clear directions and instructions.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A noisy, distracting environment like the kitchen table is unsuitable for a child with ADHD, indicating a need for further teaching.
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When the prognosis of improvement in a child with psychiatric disorders is poor, what can the nurse do to positively influence children and adolescents and their parents?
- A. Continue to remind the child and parents that the prognosis for improvement is very poor.
- B. Encourage the parents to believe that the child will recover spontaneously.
- C. Assist the child and the parents to develop coping mechanisms.
- D. Focus on their problems instead of their strengths and assets.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Helping develop coping mechanisms leverages the child's developmental stage to improve long-term outcomes, focusing on strengths.
A nurse asks an assigned client, 'How are you doing today?' The client responds with 'doing today, doing today, doing today.' Which speech pattern disturbance is this an example of?
- A. Reactive attachment disorder
- B. Stereotypic movement disorder
- C. Selective mutism
- D. Echolalia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Echolalia involves repeating the last heard words or phrases, as seen in the client's response, unlike the other disorders listed.
Which of the following symptoms are characteristic of ADHD? Select all that apply.
- A. Enuresis
- B. Inattentiveness
- C. Encopresis
- D. Overactivity
- E. Impulsiveness
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: ADHD is defined by inattentiveness, overactivity, and impulsiveness, while enuresis and encopresis are unrelated elimination disorders.
The parents of an autistic child ask the nurse, 'Will my child ever be normal?' Which would be the most appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. You seem worried about your child's future.
- B. Autistic children can fully recover with the right treatment and education.
- C. Your child should outgrow autistic traits by adolescence.
- D. Your child will probably always have some autistic traits.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Autism spectrum disorder traits typically persist, with varying degrees of dependence, making this the most accurate response.
The mother of a 15-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son is becoming more assertive in conflict situations and wants to get a job. She asks if it is healthy for a 15-year-old to be so independent. Which is valid information for the nurse to offer the mother?
- A. His behaviors reflect normal growth and development.
- B. He is overly independent.
- C. It sounds like he is trying to avoid her.
- D. She should observe for signs of substance abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased assertiveness and seeking a job are normal developmental behaviors for a 15-year-old.