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The nurse understands that when working with a child with a mental health problem, the family must be included in the care. Which is one of the best ways the nurse can advocate for the child?
- A. Support transferring the child to a healthy living environment.
- B. Teach the parents age-appropriate expectations of the child.
- C. Reinforce the parents' expectations of the child's behavior.
- D. Interpret the child's thoughts and feelings to the parent.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Teaching age-appropriate expectations equips parents to support the child's development and coping effectively.
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The mother of a 15-year-old boy tells the nurse that her son is becoming more assertive in conflict situations and wants to get a job. She asks if it is healthy for a 15-year-old to be so independent. Which is valid information for the nurse to offer the mother?
- A. His behaviors reflect normal growth and development.
- B. He is overly independent.
- C. It sounds like he is trying to avoid her.
- D. She should observe for signs of substance abuse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Increased assertiveness and seeking a job are normal developmental behaviors for a 15-year-old.
For which reasons is it more difficult to diagnose psychiatric disorders in children than in adults? Select all that apply.
- A. Children usually lack the abstract cognitive abilities and verbal skills to describe what is happening.
- B. Because they are constantly changing and developing, children are unable to discriminate unusual or unwanted symptoms from normal feelings and sensations.
- C. Behaviors that are appropriate for a child of one developmental level may be inappropriate for a child of a different developmental level.
- D. Sometimes, children outgrow psychiatric disorders.
- E. Children and adolescents experience some of the same mental health problems as adults and are diagnosed using the same criteria as for adults.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Children's limited cognitive and verbal skills, ongoing development, and age-specific behaviors complicate psychiatric diagnosis.
The nurse is assisting a child with ADHD to complete his ADLs. Which is the best approach for nurse to use with this child?
- A. Break tasks into small steps.
- B. Let the child complete tasks at his own pace.
- C. Offer rewards when all tasks are completed.
- D. Set a time limit to complete all tasks.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Breaking tasks into smaller steps prevents overwhelming the child and supports task completion in ADHD.
A child with ADHD complains to his parents that he does not like the side effects of his medicine, Adderall. The parents ask the nurse for suggestions to reduce the medication's negative side effects. The nurse can best help the parents by offering which advice?
- A. Give the child his medicine at night.
- B. Have the child eat a good breakfast and snacks late in the day and at bedtime.
- C. Limit the number of calories the child eats each day.
- D. Let the child take daytime naps.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nutritious meals and snacks help mitigate appetite suppression from Adderall, supporting adequate dietary intake.
Which of the following would be important circumstances to gather assessment data for a child with ADHD? Select all that apply.
- A. Direct observation of the child
- B. Reviewing the client's record
- C. Interviewing the client's parents
- D. Interviewing the client's teachers
- E. Assessing the client in a group of peers
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Direct observation, parent and teacher interviews, and peer group assessment provide comprehensive data on ADHD behaviors, unlike record review alone.