Nokea
When the body produces antibodies against its own tissue, the condition is called
- A. Alloimmunity
- B. Opsonization
- C. Autoimmunity
- D. Hypersensitivity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When the body produces antibodies against its own tissue, it is called autoimmunity.
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In the ICU setting, a client transported from surgery following open heart bypass grafting will likely have his or her core temperature measured by:
- A. oral thermometer.
- B. rectal thermometer.
- C. esophageal thermometer.
- D. temporal artery thermometer.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A 5-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with recurring respiratory infections. A possible cause of this condition is:
- A. Hypergammaglobulinemia
- B. Increased maternal IgG
- C. Immune insufficiency
- D. Decreased maternal antibody breakdown, resulting in hyposensitivity
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immune insufficiency is a possible cause of recurring respiratory infections in a 5-month-old child.
A toddler is displaying signs/symptoms of weakness and muscle atrophy. The pediatric neurologist suspects it may be a lower motor neuron disease called spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). The client's family asks how he got this. The nurse will respond:
- A. This could result from playing in soil and then ingesting bacteria that is now attaching his motor neurons.
- B. No one really knows how this disease is formed. We just know that in time, he may grow out of it.
- C. This is a degenerative disorder that tends to be inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
- D. This is a segmental demyelination disorder that affects all nerve roots and eventually all muscle groups as well.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an inherited disorder, often autosomal recessive, that affects lower motor neurons.
A 45-year-old diabetic male is experiencing erectile dysfunction. If his erectile dysfunction is caused by the nervous system, then the nurse can educate the client that the venous blood supply to the penis is controlled by:
- A. sympathetic nerves.
- B. parasympathetic nerves.
- C. somatic nerves.
- D. spinal reflexes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Erectile function is primarily controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, which facilitates the dilation of blood vessels in the penis. The parasympathetic nerves are responsible for vasodilation in the penis, allowing blood to enter and creating an erection. Sympathetic nerves, on the other hand, are responsible for ejaculation by causing contraction of the muscles around the vas deferens. Somatic nerves are involved in sensation and movement, not specifically in controlling blood supply to the penis. Spinal reflexes can play a role in the erectile process, but they are not directly responsible for controlling the venous blood supply.
A patient has been diagnosed with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Which of the following drugs would be ineffective in the treatment of this disease?
- A. Ribavirin (Rebetol)
- B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene) IV
- C. Foscarnet (Foscavir) IV
- D. Valganciclovir hydrochloride (Valcyte)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.