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When the client asks how to store an opened vial of insulin, which answer by the nurse offers the most correct instruction?
- A. The best place for storing insulin is in the bathroom, close to the shower.
- B. The best place to store insulin is in the refrigerator.
- C. The best way to store insulin is at room temperature.
- D. The best place for storing insulin is in a warm location but out of sunlight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Opened insulin vials can be stored at room temperature for up to 28 days for stability and comfort during injection.
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The male client diagnosed with chronic pancreatitis calls and reports to the clinic nurse he has been having a lot of 'gas,' along with frothy and very foul-smelling stools. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Explain this is common for chronic pancreatitis.
- B. Ask the client to bring in a stool specimen to the clinic.
- C. Arrange an appointment with the HCP for today.
- D. Discuss the need to decrease fat in the diet so this won't happen.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Frothy, foul-smelling stools suggest malabsorption (e.g., pancreatic insufficiency), requiring urgent HCP evaluation. Explaining, stool samples, or diet changes are secondary.
Which signs/symptoms should the nurse expect to assess in the client diagnosed with an insulinoma?
- A. Nervousness, jitteriness, and diaphoresis.
- B. Flushed skin, dry mouth, and tented skin turgor.
- C. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia.
- D. Hypertension, tachycardia, and feeling hot.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An insulinoma is a pancreatic tumor causing excessive insulin secretion, leading to hypoglycemia. Symptoms include nervousness, jitteriness, and diaphoresis (Whipple’s triad). Flushed skin and dehydration suggest hyperglycemia, polyuria/polydipsia/polyphagia are diabetes symptoms, and hypertension/tachycardia are more typical of pheochromocytoma.
The client is admitted to the medical department with a diagnosis of rule-out (R/O) acute pancreatitis. Which laboratory values should the nurse monitor to confirm this diagnosis?
- A. Creatinine and (BUN).
- B. Troponin and (CK-MB).
- C. Serum amylase and lipase.
- D. Serum bilirubin and calcium.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Elevated amylase and lipase are specific for acute pancreatitis, confirming the diagnosis. Creatinine/BUN, troponin/CK-MB, and bilirubin/calcium are unrelated.
The nurse is administering morning medications. Which medications should the nurse administer question?
- A. The oral carafate to a client who has not eaten breakfast.
- B. The subcutaneous insulin to a client refusing blood glucose checks.
- C. The levothyroxine PO to a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism.
- D. The sliding scale insulin to a client whose blood glucose level is 320 mg/dL.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin without glucose checks risks hypoglycemia, requiring clarification. Carafate timing, levothyroxine, and sliding-scale insulin are appropriate.
Which signs and symptoms are most appropriate for the nurse to investigate when screening adults who have come to be used to assess the patient's disease?
- A. Diarrhea, anorexia, and weight gain
- B. Constipation, weight loss, and thirst
- C. Polycholia, polyemia, and polyplegia
- D. Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia are classic symptoms of diabetes mellitus.