Nokea
When the client experiences facial flushing, a throbbing headache, nausea and vomiting after consuming alcohol while taking Disulfiram (Antabuse), the nurse is aware that this is due to which of the following?
- A. A mild side effect of the medication.
- B. The intended therapeutic result.
- C. An idiosyncratic reaction
- D. A severe allergy to the medication.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Disulfiram causes an adverse reaction when mixed with alcohol, producing symptoms like flushing, headache, nausea, and vomiting as the intended therapeutic effect to deter alcohol consumption.
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Which one of the following drugs should the nurse expect the patient to require serum level monitoring?
- A. Anticonvulsants
- B. Wellbutrin
- C. Lithium
- D. Prozac
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Toxicity is closely related to serum lithium levels and can occur at therapeutic doses, necessitating periodic monitoring. Anticonvulsants also require monitoring, but lithium is the primary focus here.
A patient is being seen in the crisis unit reporting that poison letters are coming in the mail. The patient has no history of psychiatric illness. Which of the following medications would the patient most likely be started on?
- A. Aripiprazole (Abilify)
- B. Risperidone (Risperdal Consta)
- C. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
- D. Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: New-generation antipsychotics like aripiprazole are preferred for initial treatment of psychotic symptoms due to fewer side effects. Injectable antipsychotics like Risperdal Consta are used after stabilization, and fluoxetine is an antidepressant, not indicated for psychosis.
Which of the following is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?
- A. Dopamine
- B. GABA
- C. Norepinephrine
- D. Epinephrine
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: GABA is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and has been found to modulate other neurotransmitter systems rather than to provide a direct stimulus. Dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine are excitatory neurotransmitters.
When teaching a client about restrictions for tranylcypromine (Parnate), the nurse will tell the client to avoid which of the following foods?
- A. Broad beans
- B. Citrus fruit
- C. Egg products
- D. Fried foods
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Broad beans (fava beans) contain tyramine, which must be avoided when taking MAOIs like tranylcypromine to prevent hypertensive crisis.
A patient with bipolar disorder takes lithium 300 mg three times daily. The nurse evaluates that the dose is appropriate when the patient reports
- A. Feeling sleepy and less energetic.
- B. Weight gain of 7 pounds in the last month.
- C. Minimum mood swings.
- D. Increased feelings of self-worth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mood-stabilizing drugs like lithium aim to minimize mood swings in bipolar disorder. Weight gain and lethargy may occur but are not indicators of appropriate dosing, and inflated self-worth is a symptom that should diminish with treatment.