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When the nurse discusses prevention of cardiac disease, falls, and depression with a group of older adults, the benefits of what are important to stress?
- A. Nutrition
- B. Medications
- C. Exercise
- D. Sleep
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Primary prevention stresses exercise for the prevention of cardiac disease, falls, and depression.
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When communicating with an older adult patient, the nurse becomes aware of the fact that the patient is well satisfied with his accomplishments over a lifetime and has no regrets concerning aging. Which of Erikson's developmental stages has the patient achieved?
- A. Acceptance
- B. Withdrawal
- C. Ego integrity
- D. Interaction
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The last stage of life is acceptance of life and it results in ego integrity.
What is the most common cause of dementia?
- A. Multi infarct
- B. Medications
- C. Alzheimer's disease
- D. Parkinson disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia.
What should be suggested to a patient to aid with the pain of claudication?
- A. Rest
- B. Exercise
- C. Cross legs
- D. Stand
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A nursing intervention to relieve pain is to recommend the patient rest periodically until the pain subsides. Exercise and standing for long periods of time can exacerbate the pain. Crossing the legs can limit blood flow to the extremities and increase pain.
What is a major difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis?
- A. Rheumatoid arthritis is degenerative.
- B. Rheumatoid arthritis only affects patients over 40 years of age.
- C. Rheumatoid arthritis is inflammatory.
- D. Rheumatoid arthritis is curable.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disease; osteoarthritis is degenerative. Rheumatoid arthritis can affect patients at any age. Neither type of arthritis is curable.
An older adult is having difficulty swallowing. What position should the nurse recommend to aid in swallowing?
- A. Chin parallel
- B. Chin upward
- C. Chin down
- D. Chin to the side
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The upright position, leaning slightly forward with the chin down, improves swallowing with the assistance of gravity.