Nokea
When the nurse reviews the client's history, which assessment finding is closely associated with the client's diagnosis?
- A. Nightly leg cramps
- B. Recurrent kidney stones
- C. Loose bowel movements
- D. Excessive energy level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperparathyroidism causes hypercalcemia, which can lead to recurrent kidney stones.
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The female client is to be treated with radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for an enlarged thyroid gland. The client asks if there are any precautions that are needed during RAI therapy. Which is the nurse's best response?
- A. No precautions are necessary. The radiation in the form of an oral capsule will target and destroy thyroid tissue only.'
- B. Use contraceptives or abstain from sexual intercourse to avoid conceiving during and for 6 months after treatment.'
- C. Discontinue taking the antithyroid medication and propranolol; results are seen immediately with RAI therapy.'
- D. Some people need a thyroid hormone replacement, but it is not necessary when the thyroid gland is enlarged.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pregnancy should be postponed for at least 6 months after RAI treatment because it crosses the placenta.
The client is ready for discharge following an adrenalectomy. Which statement that the client makes indicates the best understanding of the client's condition?
- A. I will continue on a low-sodium, low-potassium diet.'
- B. My husband has arranged for a marriage counselor because of our fights.'
- C. I will stay out of the sun so I will not turn splotchy brown.'
- D. I will take all of those pills every day.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Lifelong steroid replacement is required post-adrenalectomy, and taking prescribed pills daily shows understanding. A high-sodium, low-potassium diet is needed, and photosensitivity is not an issue.
The client diagnosed with Cushing's syndrome is admitted with fluid volume overload. The client weighed 190 lb on admission and 179 lb after treatment. The nurse estimates that the amount of fluid the client lost was how many milliliters?
- A. 3000 mL
- B. 4000 mL
- C. 5000 mL
- D. 6000 mL
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: One liter of fluid (1000 mL) weighs approximately 2.2 lb. An 11-lb weight loss equals 5000 mL (11 lb / 2.2 lb = 5 L × 1000 mL per L = 5000 mL).
A woman with newly diagnosed Type I diabetes mellitus says she wants to have children. She asks if she will be able to have children and if they will be normal. What is the best answer for the nurse to give?
- A. Women with diabetes should not get pregnant because it is very difficult to control diabetes during pregnancy.'
- B. Babies born to diabetic mothers are very apt to have severe and noncorrectable birth defects.'
- C. You should be able to safely have a baby if you go to your doctor regularly during pregnancy.'
- D. You should consult carefully with a geneticist before getting pregnant to determine how to prevent your baby from developing diabetes.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: With regular medical care, women with Type 1 diabetes can have safe pregnancies, minimizing risks to the baby.
The client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which assessment data support this diagnosis?
- A. The client's vital signs are: T 99.0, P 110, R 26, and BP 145/80.
- B. The client complains of constipation and being constantly cold.
- C. The client has an intake of 780 mL and output of 256 mL.
- D. The client complains of a headache and has projectile vomiting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Constipation and cold intolerance are classic hypothyroidism symptoms due to slowed metabolism. Tachycardia/hypertension, fluid imbalance, and vomiting are unrelated.