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When you prepare to turn a patient who has had spinal surgery, you will plan to
- A. Have a total of three health-care staff assist with the turn.
- B. Have the patient assist by using a trapeze bar.
- C. Have each person turn a section of the patient's body at a separate time.
- D. Logroll the patient.
- E. Have one person at the patient's head to direct the turn.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Logrolling with three staff, one directing at the head, ensures spinal alignment and safety post-surgery.
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How will you be able to tell if this patient has pain or discomfort during range-of-motion exercises?
- A. Verbal complaints of pain
- B. Facial grimacing or wincing
- C. Increased heart rate or blood pressure
- D. Refusal to continue exercises
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nonverbal cues like grimacing indicate pain in a patient with impaired speech.
If a patient is able to bear partial weight but not full weight, which type of assistive device would you select to transfer him from the bed to the wheelchair?
- A. Slide board
- B. Transfer belt
- C. Mechanical lift
- D. Cane
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A transfer belt supports partial weight-bearing patients during safe transfers.
A patient is returning to your unit from surgery. What assistive device would you place in the room prior to the patient's return?
- A. Slide sheet
- B. Transfer board
- C. Mechanical lift
- D. Gait belt
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A mechanical lift ensures safe transfers for a post-surgical patient with potential weakness.
You are caring for a patient on the first day after surgery. You have orders to get her up in the chair for 30 minutes twice a day. Her BP is 110/64 and P 86 while lying down. After you assist her to dangle, her BP is 102/60 and P 102. What will you do?
- A. Return her to lying position and monitor vitals
- B. Proceed to transfer her to the chair
- C. Administer IV fluids immediately
- D. Notify the physician
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A drop in BP and increased pulse suggest orthostatic hypotension; returning her to bed and monitoring is safest.
To perform perineal care, you will place the patient in which position?
- A. Dorsal recumbent
- B. Trendelenburg
- C. Reverse Trendelenburg
- D. Sims'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The dorsal recumbent position provides optimal access for perineal care while maintaining patient comfort.