Nokea
Where can epithelial tissue be found?
- A. Organ linings
- B. Heart muscle
- C. Tendons
- D. Spinal cord
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Epithelial tissue is a type of tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out. It forms the lining of various organs such as the skin, respiratory tract, gastrointestinal tract, and more. Therefore, epithelial tissue can be found in organ linings, making choice A the correct answer.
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What are the two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production?
- A. Fermentation and cellular respiration
- B. Fermentation and external respiration
- C. Fermentation and anaerobic respiration
- D. Fermentation and internal respiration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fermentation and cellular respiration. Fermentation and cellular respiration are two catabolic pathways that lead to cellular energy production. Fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen and involves glycolysis followed by the conversion of pyruvate to various byproducts. Cellular respiration, on the other hand, occurs in the presence of oxygen and involves glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain to produce ATP. While fermentation and anaerobic respiration involve partial breakdown of glucose without the complete utilization of oxygen, the term 'internal respiration' is not a commonly used concept in the context of cellular energy production.
Why is DNA important for metabolic activities of the cell?
- A. It initiates cellular mitosis.
- B. It provides cell wall stability.
- C. It increases glucose absorption.
- D. It controls the synthesis of enzymes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: DNA is crucial for metabolic activities as it contains the genetic information needed for the synthesis of enzymes, which are essential for various metabolic reactions within the cell. Enzymes are biological catalysts that regulate and speed up chemical reactions, allowing the cell to carry out necessary metabolic processes efficiently. Therefore, DNA's role in controlling enzyme synthesis directly impacts the cell's metabolic activities, making option D the correct answer.
Anaerobic respiration happens in.............because..............
- A. Animals; they primarily rely on aerobic respiration
- B. Plants; they can perform photosynthesis
- C. Bacteria; they live in environments with low oxygen levels
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Anaerobic respiration occurs in bacteria because they live in environments with low oxygen levels. In the absence of oxygen, these organisms utilize anaerobic respiration to generate energy. Animals and plants primarily rely on aerobic respiration, which requires oxygen to produce energy efficiently. Plants do not lack sunlight; they can perform photosynthesis to derive energy. Animals do require energy but predominantly use aerobic respiration when oxygen is available.
A pencil measures 8 cm long. What is this length in mm?
- A. 80 mm
- B. 800 mm
- C. 8 mm
- D. 0.8 mm
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To convert centimeters to millimeters, you multiply by 10 since there are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter. Therefore, 8 cm x 10 = 80 mm. The correct answer is 80 mm.
Which option demonstrates complementary base pairing in DNA?
- A. A and G
- B. A and C
- C. A and A
- D. A and T
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T) and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G). This is known as complementary base pairing. Adenine always pairs with thymine via two hydrogen bonds, forming a strong bond essential for DNA structure and replication. Therefore, the correct option that demonstrates complementary base pairing in DNA is A and T (D). This pairing is crucial during DNA replication and ensures the accurate transmission of genetic information.