Nokea
Where does digestion begin in the digestive system?
- A. Small intestine
- B. Oral cavity
- C. Esophagus
- D. Sternum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Digestion begins in the oral cavity where food is broken down into smaller pieces by chewing and mixed with saliva containing enzymes that start the process of breaking down carbohydrates. This mixture of food and saliva then travels down the esophagus into the stomach for further digestion. The oral cavity is where the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food initiates, setting the stage for the rest of the digestive process.
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How does the skin aid in maintaining the calcium and phosphate levels of the body?
- A. Sebum production
- B. Keratin synthesis
- C. Vitamin A synthesis
- D. Vitamin D production
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The skin aids in maintaining calcium and phosphate levels in the body by producing Vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. Vitamin D is crucial for the absorption of calcium and phosphate from the diet, vital for bone health, and various physiological functions. When UV radiation penetrates the skin, it triggers the conversion of a compound into Vitamin D, which then facilitates the absorption of calcium and phosphate in the intestines.
When assessing a female patient who describes herself as a strict vegetarian, the nurse notes that she has a yellow tone to her skin. The nurse should ask the client if she has eaten large amounts of which foods?
- A. Carrots and squash.
- B. Turnips and beets.
- C. Rice and eggs.
- D. Spinach and mustard greens.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
The distal end of the two bones that articulate with the carpals are broken. Which bones are these?
- A. Ulna and radius.
- B. Metacarpals and phalanx.
- C. Humerus and ulna.
- D. Humerus and radius.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Which tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs?
- A. Epithelial
- B. Connective
- C. Nervous
- D. Muscle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Connective tissue serves as the framework of the body by providing support and structure for the organs. It is composed of cells and extracellular matrix, giving it strength and flexibility. Examples of connective tissue include bone, cartilage, and tendons, which play crucial roles in maintaining the body's shape and integrity.
How many different types of tissues are there in the human body?
- A. four
- B. six
- C. eight
- D. ten
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The human body is composed of four main types of tissues: epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, connective tissue provides support and structure, muscle tissue allows movement, and nervous tissue coordinates body activities through electrical signals. Therefore, the correct answer is four.