Nokea
Where does implantation of the blastocyst occur?
- A. uterine tubes
- B. endometrium
- C. cervix
- D. ovary
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: endometrium. After fertilization, the blastocyst travels through the uterine tubes and implants into the endometrium for further development. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus where implantation occurs to establish pregnancy. The uterine tubes (choice A) are the site of fertilization, but not implantation. The cervix (choice C) is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina and does not play a role in implantation. The ovary (choice D) is where the egg is released during ovulation and not the site of implantation.
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While taking a history of a patient with an enlarged prostate, the nurse expects the patient to report which symptom?
- A. Painful urination with each voiding
- B. Blood in the urine upon arising
- C. Waking from sleep to urinate
- D. Incontinence throughout the day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Waking from sleep to urinate. This symptom, known as nocturia, is common in patients with an enlarged prostate due to increased pressure on the bladder causing frequent urination at night. This is a classic sign of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Painful urination (choice A) is more indicative of a urinary tract infection. Blood in the urine (choice B) could suggest other conditions like bladder cancer. Incontinence throughout the day (choice D) is more commonly associated with other urinary issues such as overactive bladder or pelvic floor dysfunction.
Regarding lactation
- A. Milk production is controlled by prolactin
- B. The co-exist of estrogen and prolactin is antagonistic
- C. Nipple is lubricated by sebaceous gland
- D. Myoepithelial cell contraction facilitate ejection of milk
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because milk production is indeed controlled by prolactin, a hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Prolactin stimulates the alveoli in the breast to produce milk. Option B is incorrect because estrogen and prolactin actually work synergistically to promote lactation. Option C is incorrect as the nipple is lubricated by Montgomery glands, not sebaceous glands. Option D is incorrect because myoepithelial cell contraction helps in milk ejection, not in milk production.
Which of the following suggestions should a nurse give a client with a prostate cancer to deal with his impotency?
- A. Abstain from any sexual activity.
- B. Demonstrate sexual feelings in ways other than intercourse.
- C. Practice sexual intercourse at least two to three times daily until successful.
- D. Perform pelvic floor retraining exercises.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Exploring alternative ways to express intimacy can help cope with impotence.
A 50-year-old patient asks the nurse about her risk of developing a cancer of the reproductive system. What is the appropriate response by the nurse?
- A. Human papilloma virus infection and cigarette smoking are major risk factors for cervical cancer.
- B. Some of the risk factors for endometrial cancer include being age 40 or older and having a history of infertility.
- C. Ovarian cancer is not often seen in women under age 50 or those who have a family history of breast cancer.
- D. Women who have had menstrual irregularities for many years are at lower risk of developing any of the reproductive system cancers.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and cigarette smoking are major risk factors for cervical cancer.
Step 2: The patient is 50 years old, which puts her at risk for cervical cancer.
Step 3: HPV infection and smoking increase the risk of cervical cancer.
Step 4: Therefore, the appropriate response by the nurse is A.
Summary:
B: Endometrial cancer risk factors include obesity, not age 40, and infertility is not a primary risk factor.
C: Ovarian cancer can occur in women under 50 and family history of breast cancer is not a definitive protective factor.
D: Menstrual irregularities do not necessarily lower the risk of reproductive system cancers.
Choose the CORRECT statement regarding events that occur in metaphase II.
- A. Sister chromatids may no longer be identical to each other.
- B. Homologous chromosomes line up at metaphase plat
- C. Crossing over between homologous chromosomes occurs.
- D. Homologous chromosomes begin to separat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A - Sister chromatids may no longer be identical to each other.
Rationale:
1. In metaphase II, sister chromatids align at the metaphase plate.
2. During meiosis II, sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles.
3. Due to potential crossing over in meiosis I, sister chromatids may not be identical in meiosis II.
4. This variability contributes to genetic diversity in the resulting gametes.
Summary:
B: Homologous chromosomes do not line up in metaphase II; they already separated in meiosis I.
C: Crossing over occurs in meiosis I, not in meiosis II.
D: Homologous chromosomes start to separate in anaphase I, not metaphase II.