Nokea
Where does the major portion of the chemical digestion of lipids occur?
- A. Mouth.
- B. Stomach.
- C. Small intestine.
- D. Large intestine.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The majority of lipid digestion occurs in the small intestine, where bile and pancreatic lipase are active. Lipids are broken down into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the mouth and stomach play minor roles in lipid digestion, and the large intestine is mainly responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes from the indigestible food residues.
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Most fat replacers are made from:
- A. proteins.
- B. carbohydrates.
- C. cholesterol.
- D. monoglycerides.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Most fat replacers are made from carbohydrates. Carbohydrates are utilized to mimic the texture of fats in food products. Proteins (Choice A) are not commonly used as fat replacers and are more often associated with other functions in food. Cholesterol (Choice C) is a type of fat and not used to replace fat in food products. Monoglycerides (Choice D) are sometimes used as emulsifiers or stabilizers in food products but are not the primary source of fat replacers.
Where is Vitamin B12 found?
- A. Whole grains.
- B. Nuts.
- C. Meats.
- D. Legumes.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
How is the enzyme trypsin activated?
- A. By zymogen.
- B. By bile.
- C. By gastrin.
- D. By enterokinase.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: By enterokinase. Trypsin is activated by enterokinase, an enzyme secreted by the small intestine. Enterokinase plays a crucial role in converting trypsinogen into its active form, trypsin. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because trypsin is specifically activated by enterokinase, not by zymogen, bile, or gastrin.
Which lipoprotein carries fat from a meal just consumed to the liver?
- A. Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL).
- B. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL).
- C. Chylomicrons.
- D. High-density lipoprotein (HDL).
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Chylomicrons are the lipoproteins responsible for transporting dietary fat from the intestines to various tissues, including the liver. VLDL carries lipids synthesized in the liver, LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, and HDL helps transport cholesterol away from tissues to the liver for excretion. Therefore, in the context of carrying fat from a meal just consumed to the liver, chylomicrons are the correct choice.
What are dextrins?
- A. Polysaccharides.
- B. End products of starch digestion.
- C. Formed in the liver.
- D. Rapidly excreted.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.