Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions

Certified Pediatric Nurse Exam Practice Questions Related

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Which action by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?

  • A. Encourage routine cholesterol screenings.
  • B. Conduct routine blood pressure screenings.
  • C. Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures.
  • D. Recommend salicylates instead of acetaminophen for minor discomforts.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Referring children with sore throats for throat cultures is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is a complication of untreated streptococcal throat infections, specifically caused by group A Streptococcus bacteria. By identifying and treating streptococcal infections promptly with antibiotics, the risk of developing rheumatic fever is significantly reduced. The school nurse plays a crucial role in recognizing the symptoms of strep throat and ensuring that affected children are appropriately referred for testing and treatment. This can help prevent the serious consequences of rheumatic fever, which can affect the heart, joints, skin, and brain if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (choice A) and blood pressure screenings (choice B) are important for overall health monitoring but are not directly related to the prevention of rheumatic fever. Recommending salicylates over acetaminophen (choice D) is not advisable in children due to the risk of Reye's syndrome

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After surgery the nurse notes that the patient's urine is dark amber and concentrated. Which of the following does the nurse understand may be the reason for this?

  • A. The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to stress of surgery.
  • B. The sympathetic nervous system diereses fluid in response to stress of surgery.
  • C. The parasympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to stress of surgery.
  • D. The parasympathetic nervous system diereses fluid in response to stress of surgery.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system saves fluid in response to the stress of surgery, leading to the urine becoming dark amber and concentrated. During stressful events such as surgery, the body activates the sympathetic nervous system as part of the fight-or-flight response. One of the functions of the sympathetic nervous system in this situation is to conserve fluids in the body by reducing urine output. This results in more concentrated urine, often appearing dark amber in color. Conversely, the parasympathetic nervous system is not typically involved in conserving fluid during stress responses.

Which type of leukemia has been MOST likely developed in a 2-year-old child with Down syndrome in the neonatal period?

  • A. ALL
  • B. CML
  • C. AML M1
  • D. AML M6
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Transient myeloproliferative disorder in neonates with Down syndrome can evolve into AML M6.

A male client age 78, complaints of dizziness, especially when he stands up after sleeping or sitting. The client also informs the nurse that he periodically experiences nosebleeds and blurred vision. Which of the ff conditions should the nurse assess for the client?

  • A. Postural hypotension
  • B. Postural Hypertension
  • C. White coat hypertension
  • D. White coat hypotension
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The client's symptoms of dizziness upon standing up, along with nosebleeds and blurred vision, are suggestive of postural hypotension. Postural hypotension, also known as orthostatic hypotension, is a drop in blood pressure that occurs when a person stands up from a sitting or lying position. This drop in blood pressure can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, blurred vision, and in some cases, nosebleeds. It is more common in older adults, like the 78-year-old male client in this scenario. Therefore, the nurse should assess for postural hypotension in this client to manage his symptoms and prevent complications.

Undescended testis is a risk factor for the development of which of the following tumors?

  • A. rhabdomyosarcoma
  • B. leukemia
  • C. yolk sac tumor
  • D. lymphoma
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Undescended testis is a well-documented risk factor for yolk sac tumors and other testicular cancers.

What is the first action the nurse should take?

  • A. Start an IV lines for fluids
  • B. Get an ECG
  • C. Place a Foley catheter
  • D. Check for neurologic status
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The first action the nurse should take is to check for neurologic status. This is essential in assessing the patient's level of consciousness, orientation, motor function, and pupil responses. It helps determine if the patient is experiencing neurological issues such as a stroke, which would require immediate medical attention. Checking neurologic status is a priority because it guides the nurse in identifying the next steps for the patient's care.

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