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Which antiepileptic drug in therapeutic doses causes least sedation?
- A. Primidone
- B. Clonazepam
- C. Phenytoin
- D. Phenobarbitone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Phenytoin causes less sedation compared to others.
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Alpha-beta blockers are especially effective to treat hypertension for which ethnic group?
- A. White
- B. Asian
- C. African American
- D. Native American
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alpha-beta blockers are particularly effective in African Americans due to their dual mechanism.
Six-year-old Lucy has recently been started on ethosuximide (Zarontin) for seizures. She should be monitored for:
- A. Increased seizure activity, as this drug may auto-induce seizures
- B. Altered renal function, including renal failure
- C. Blood dyscrasias, which are uncommon but possible
- D. Central nervous system excitement, leading to insomnia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Ethosuximide can rarely cause blood dyscrasias, requiring monitoring.
Information technology can also be used for patient teaching during the encounter and after it. The provider can help patients and their families become savvy consumers of health-care information by:
- A. Warning them about the questionable quality of health information online
- B. Identifying easily used 'apps' that patients can use to manage their medications
- C. Teaching them how to identify high-quality Web sites and 'red flags' signaling inaccurate content
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All these strategies help patients navigate health information effectively.
Monitoring for a child on methylphenidate for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) includes:
- A. ADHD symptoms
- B. Routine height and weight checks
- C. Amount of methylphenidate being used
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All are monitored: symptom control, growth effects, and medication use.
What describes the action of a drug on the body?
- A. Pharmacodynamics
- B. Pharmacokinetics
- C. Microbiology
- D. Physiology
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pharmacodynamics studies the effects of a drug on the body, including mechanisms of action and therapeutic effects, unlike pharmacokinetics, which focuses on drug movement.