Nokea
Which are indicators of colorectal cancer?
- A. Constant diarrhea
- B. Abdominal pain
- C. Cachexia
- D. Cramps
- E. Rectal bleeding
- F. Anemia
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E,F
Rationale: The indicators for colorectal cancer are changing bowel habits between diarrhea and constipation, abdominal pain, cachexia, cramps, rectal bleeding, and anemia.
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The patient has come to the PACU following an ileostomy for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. The patient is conscious and has a nasogastric tube in place and a pouch over the stoma. What should be the nurse's initial action?
- A. Turn patient to right side.
- B. Give patient ice chips to moisten mouth.
- C. Attach NG tube to suction.
- D. Irrigate NG tube.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Initially, the NG tube should be attached to suction to decompress the stomach and prevent nausea. Assessing the tube for the need of future irrigation will be part of the postoperative care.
Which will be the most helpful nursing intervention to increase the comfort of a patient with appendicitis?
- A. Applying of ice bag
- B. Administration of small tap water enema
- C. Warm compress over entire abdomen
- D. Ambulate for short periods in the room
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Applying of an ice bag will decrease the flow of blood to the area and impede the inflammatory process.
The home health nurse evaluates a patient being treated for a peptic ulcer with an antacid and famotidine (histamine receptor blocker). Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further instruction?
- A. I know famotidine will not interfere with my Coumadin.'
- B. I take the antacid at least 2 hours after any of my other drugs.'
- C. Boy! That antacid keeps my stomach happy!'
- D. I take both those meds at the same time every morning.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Antacids should not be taken with other drugs, because the absorption of the other drugs may be affected.
Which change in the body leads to poor absorption of nutrients in a patient who has celiac disease?
- A. Development of diverticuli
- B. Anaphylactic reaction to wheat
- C. Destruction of the intestinal villi
- D. Reduced intestinal mucosal output
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ingestion of gluten in the small intestine damages the villi, which leads to malabsorption and diarrhea. Weight loss and vitamin deficiency, which occur from altered nutrition, can expand into systemic involvement.
The nurse takes into consideration that a proton pump inhibitor drug, such as which drug, will completely eradicate gastric acid production?
- A. omeprazole
- B. misoprostol
- C. sucralfate
- D. olsalazine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that interferes with the production of gastric acid.