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Which are the most numerous white blood cells?
- A. lymphocytes
- B. neutrophils
- C. monocytes
- D. basophils
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neutrophils (B) are 60-70% of WBCs.
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Identify the groove found on the surface of the heart and marks the boundary between the right and left ventricles.
- A. Coronary sulcus
- B. Anterior interventricular sulcus
- C. Posterior interventricular sulcus
- D. Coronary sinus
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The anterior interventricular sulcus (B) marks the boundary between the right and left ventricles on the heart’s front. Coronary sulcus (A) separates atria from ventricles, posterior sulcus (C) is on the back, and coronary sinus (D) is a vein.
Which type of white blood cell plays a major role in immunity?
- A. Monocytes
- B. Eosinophils
- C. Lymphocytes
- D. Basophils
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lymphocytes (C) (T/B cells) are central to adaptive immunity.
A hematocrit value of 42% would be:
- A. the average for a man
- B. the average for a woman
- C. below average for a man
- D. below average for a woman
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: 42% (B) is average for women (~38-46%); men average ~45% (40-50%).
Place the events of the angiotensin/aldosterone pathway in order of occurrence. 1. Formation of angiotensin II, 2. Increase in blood volume, 3. Reabsorption of sodium and water, 4. Secretion of aldosterone, 5. Secretion of renin
- A. 1,5,3,4 and 2
- B. 2,3,5,1 and 5
- C. 2,5,4,1, and 3
- D. 5,1,4,3, and 2
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Order: 5. Renin secretion (low BP), 1. Angiotensin II formation (via ACE), 4. Aldosterone secretion (adrenals), 3. Sodium/water reabsorption, 2. Increased blood volume (D). A, B, C misorder steps.
Granulocytes that protect against infections caused by parasitic worms
- A. Neutrophils
- B. Eosinophils
- C. Basophils
- D. Lymphocytes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eosinophils (B) target parasites with toxic granules.