Nokea
Which aspect is the nurse assessing when asking the patient, 'Who is the president of the United States?' during a level of consciousness data collection?
- A. Orientation
- B. Memory
- C. Calculation
- D. Knowledge
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Knowledge is tested by questions such as 'Who is the president?' or asking about current events.
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What are surgical navigational systems?
- A. Computerized devices that guide the surgeon
- B. A set of detailed anatomic maps pinpointing specific areas of the brain
- C. A written set of progressive processes for the resection of small brain tumors
- D. The use of radioactive materials to pinpoint small tumors of the brain
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Surgical navigational systems are computerized devices that guide the surgeon and make possible the resection of tumors that were once thought to be inoperable.
The nurse is aware that the characteristic gait of the person with Parkinson disease is a propulsive gait, which causes the patient to walk in which manner?
- A. stagger and need support of a walker.
- B. shuffle with arms flexed.
- C. fall over to one side when walking.
- D. take small steps balanced on the toes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The propulsive gait causes the patient to shuffle with his arms flexed and with a loss of postural reflexes.
A patient is in which stage of Alzheimer's disease when demonstrating difficulty swallowing?
- A. Pre-Alzheimer's
- B. Early
- C. Middle
- D. Late
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The patient who demonstrates difficulty swallowing is in the late, or severe, stage.
The newly admitted patient to the emergency room 30 minutes ago after a fall off a ladder has gradually decreased in consciousness and has slowly reacting pupils, a widening pulse pressure, and verbal responses that are slow and unintelligible. Which position is most appropriate for the patient?
- A. Neck placed in a neutral position.
- B. Head raised slightly with hips flexed.
- C. Supine in gravity neutral position.
- D. Turn on right side with head elevated.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The patient is experiencing increased intracranial pressure. To assist with reducing the intracranial pressure, place the patient's neck in a neutral position (not flexed or extended) to promote venous drainage.
An 83-year-old patient has had a stroke. The patient is right handed and has a history of hypertension and 'little' strokes. The patient presents with right hemiplegia. To afford the patient the best visual field, the nurse will approach the patient in which manner?
- A. from the right side.
- B. from the left side.
- C. from the center.
- D. from either side.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Another perceptual problem is hemianopia, which is characterized by defective vision or blindness in half of the visual field. If the patient has hemianopia, which is common, the patient should be approached from the nonparalyzed side for care.