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Which assessment finding indicates a potential complication of the client's ileal conduit?
- A. Clear, yellow urine in the pouch
- B. Mild redness around the stoma
- C. Foul-smelling, cloudy urine
- D. Urine output of 50 mL/hour
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Foul-smelling, cloudy urine suggests a possible urinary tract infection, a common complication of an ileal conduit.
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The client diagnosed with ARF is placed on bedrest. The client asks the nurse, 'Why do I have to stay in bed? I don’t feel bad.' Which scientific rationale supports the nurse’s response?
- A. Bedrest helps increase the blood return to the renal circulation.
- B. Bedrest reduces the metabolic rate during the acute stage.
- C. Bedrest decreases the workload of the left side of the heart.
- D. Bedrest aids in reduction of peripheral and sacral edema.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bedrest reduces the body’s metabolic demands, minimizing stress on the kidneys during the acute phase of ARF. It does not directly increase renal blood flow, reduce heart workload, or address edema in this context.
The client is diagnosed with a uric acid stone. Which foods should the client eliminate from the diet to help prevent reoccurrence?
- A. Beer and colas.
- B. Asparagus and cabbage.
- C. Venison and sardines.
- D. Cheese and eggs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Uric acid stones are linked to high purine intake. Venison and sardines are high-purine foods, increasing uric acid production. Beer/colas affect hydration, asparagus/cabbage are low-purine, and cheese/eggs are less relevant.
When the nurse interviews the client, which symptoms will the client most likely report if a bladder infection has been acquired? Select all that apply.
- A. Sharp flank pain
- B. Uretrail discharge
- C. Strong-smelling urine
- D. Burning on urination
- E. Urgency
- F. Frequency
Correct Answer: C,D,E,F
Rationale: Symptoms of a bladder infection typically include strong-smelling urine, burning on urination, urgency, and frequency, as these reflect irritation and inflammation of the bladder.
The client has been vomiting and has had numerous episodes of diarrhea. Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor?
- A. Serum calcium.
- B. Serum phosphorus.
- C. Serum potassium.
- D. Serum sodium.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vomiting and diarrhea cause significant potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia, which can cause arrhythmias. Calcium, phosphorus, and sodium are less critically affected in this scenario.
The client diagnosed with chronic renal failure (CRF) is prescribed a 60-gm protein, 2,000-mg sodium diet. Which food choices indicate the client understands the dietary restrictions?
- A. A 4-ounce grilled chicken breast, broccoli, and small glass of unsweet tea.
- B. A baked potato with chopped ham and sour cream, 12-ounce steak, and beer.
- C. A double patty cheeseburger, french fries, and saccharin sweet Kool Aid.
- D. A roast beef sandwich, potato chips, and soft drink.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A 4-oz chicken breast (≈28 g protein), broccoli, and tea are low-sodium and fit the 60-g protein, 2,000-mg sodium diet. Other options exceed protein/sodium limits with high-sodium foods (ham, cheeseburger, chips).