Nokea
Which atypical pneumonia can be vaccinated against?
- A. coxiella burnetii
- B. mycoplasma pneumoniae
- C. chlamydia pneumoniae
- D. legionella
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coxiella Q fever has a vaccine, not mycoplasma, chlamydia duo, or legionella. Nurses jab this chronic farm bug shield.
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Which of the following statements regarding weight regulation is FALSE?
- A. Functional MRI (fMRI) studies have shown overactivation of reward-encoding brain regions and/or deficiency in cortical inhibitory networks in obese people
- B. The homeostatic weight regulation circuitry centres around the corticolimbic structures of the brain
- C. Liking and wanting of food are subconscious processes
- D. The reward system of weight regulation is nonhomeostatic in nature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Weight regulation involves homeostatic (hypothalamic) and nonhomeostatic (reward-driven) systems. fMRI studies showing reward region overactivation in obesity, subconscious liking/wanting, and the reward system's nonhomeostatic nature are true. However, homeostatic regulation centers on the hypothalamus, not corticolimbic structures (involved in reward/emotion), making this false. Understanding this distinction aids physicians in addressing both physiological and behavioral drivers in chronic obesity management.
Effective management of CHF has elements that are common to most programs. These do not include:
- A. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team across the health care sectors
- B. The use of evidence based management guidelines, including both pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapy
- C. Regular hospitalisation for monitoring of cardiac function and change in haemodynamic status
- D. Inclusion of patients and their family in care planning and development of individualised selfmanagement plans
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: CHF management leans on teams, guidelines, patient-family plans smart, evidence-based wins. Routine hospital stays? Nope home care's goal, not ward loops. Nurses push this, a chronic stay-out strategy.
Which is NOT the main pharmacological activity of Chinese goldenseal (Coptis chinensis) used as a therapy for diabetes?
- A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibition
- B. Anti-inflammation
- C. Anti-atherosclerosis
- D. Protective effects on vascular endothelial function
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chinese goldenseal's diabetes gig alpha-glucosidase block slows sugar, anti-atherosclerosis and endothelial protection guard vessels, all core. Anti-inflammation's a sidekick, not the lead less about sugar control, more general. Clinicians lean on the trio, a chronic herbal angle.
The nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical surgical unit. Which client should the nurse see first?
- A. A Client with pyelonephritis with nausea and vomiting
- B. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with an oxygen saturation of $90 \%$ on room air
- C. A client post vaginoplasty with bright red blood and clots in her catheter
- D. A client post-total abdominal hysterectomy with 9/10 pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bright red blood and clots post-vaginoplasty scream hemorrhage ABCs prioritize circulation, needing instant check for shock or transfusion. Pyelonephritis nags, COPD's stable at 90\%, pain's urgent but not bleeding. Nurses hit bleeding first, a life-line call in this post-op rush.
Which action should the nurse take when caring for a patient who is receiving chemotherapy and complains of problems with concentration?
- A. Teach the patient to rest the brain by avoiding new activities.
- B. Teach that 'chemo-brain' is a short-term effect of chemotherapy.
- C. Report patient symptoms immediately to the health care provider.
- D. Suggest use of a daily planner and encourage adequate rest and sleep.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chemo-brain foggy focus is common; planners and rest help manage, not cure. Resting fully stalls life; it's not always short-term can linger. No emergency it's expected. Nurses in oncology offer this tools and sleep ease the mental muck, supporting function.