Nokea
The emergency management of the patient with acute asthma does not include:
- A. Performing a rapid physical examination
- B. Performing spirometry or peak flow on arrival
- C. Giving oxygen and short acting bronchodilator
- D. Close monitoring to determine efficacy of treatment and improvement or deterioration
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acute asthma's rush exam, O2, bronchodilators, tight watch saves breath fast. Spirometry's a no too tough mid-wheeze, delays care. Nurses skip it, a chronic flare's urgent dodge.
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Which of the following has been shown to be useful in managing fatty liver?
- A. Insulin injection
- B. Metformin
- C. Vitamin E
- D. Exercises
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Vitamin E, an antioxidant, reduces hepatic inflammation in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), per AASLD guidelines, aiding NAFLD management. Insulin treats diabetes, not NAFLD directly. Metformin improves insulin sensitivity but lacks strong evidence for NAFLD reversal. Exercise and diet are key but split here; exercise aids weight loss, indirectly helping. Vitamin E's specific benefit makes it notable in chronic liver disease care.
The nurse is arriving at the beginning of her shift and has taken report on four clients on a medical surgical unit. Which client should the nurse see first?
- A. A Client with pyelonephritis with nausea and vomiting
- B. A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with an oxygen saturation of $90 \%$ on room air
- C. A client post vaginoplasty with bright red blood and clots in her catheter
- D. A client post-total abdominal hysterectomy with 9/10 pain
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bright red blood and clots post-vaginoplasty scream hemorrhage ABCs prioritize circulation, needing instant check for shock or transfusion. Pyelonephritis nags, COPD's stable at 90\%, pain's urgent but not bleeding. Nurses hit bleeding first, a life-line call in this post-op rush.
The nurse is caring for a patient with colon cancer who is scheduled for external radiation therapy to the abdomen. Which information obtained by the nurse would indicate a need for patient teaching?
- A. The patient has a history of dental caries.
- B. The patient swims several days each week.
- C. The patient snacks frequently during the day.
- D. The patient showers each day with mild soap.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Abdominal radiation fries skin swimming in chlorinated or salt water during treatment risks irritation or infection in that tender zone. Dental caries don't tie in. Snacking might help nutrition, not hurt. Mild soap showers are fine. Nurses in oncology flag this no swimming' protects radiated skin, a teaching must to dodge complications.
The nurse knows which of the following is the most common problem for a client with valvular heart disease?
- A. Altered body image
- B. Difficulty coping
- C. Bradycardia
- D. Decreased cardiac output
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valvular disease stenosis or regurgitation slashes flow; decreased cardiac output reigns as pump falters, driving fatigue and dyspnea, the top issue. Body image or coping lag; bradycardia's rare. Nurses peg output drop, targeting meds or surgery, a core fight in this valve-wrecked heart.
The challenges faced in insulin therapy includes the following EXCEPT:
- A. Needle phobia
- B. Competence - Diabetes numeracy
- C. Dexterity
- D. All burden
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Insulin hurdles fear, math, shaky hands, life jolts; all burden' isn't a thing, just a mash-up. Nurses tackle these chronic snags, not vague catch-alls.