Nokea
Which blood gas analyses are most indicative of respiratory acidosis?
- A. pH = 7.22, PCO2 = 55 mmHg, HCO3 = 30 mEq/L.
- B. pH = 7.28, PCO2 = 45 mmHg, HCO3 = 15 mEq/L.
- C. pH = 7.34, PCO2 = 35 mmHg, HCO3 = 25 mEq/L.
- D. pH = 7.40, PCO2 = 25 mmHg, HCO3 = 30 mEq/L.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH and elevated PCO2, as seen in option A.
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A client with serum glucose level of 618mg/dl is admitted to the facility. He's awake and oriented, has hot dry skin, and has the following vital signs: temperature of 100.6F (38.1C), heart rate of 116 beats/min, and blood pressure of 108/70mHg. Based on these assessment findings, which nursing diagnosis take highest priority?
- A. Deficient volume related to osmotic diuresis
- B. Decreased cardiac output related to elevated heart rate
- C. Imbalanced nutrition: Less than body requirements related to insulin deficiency
- D. Ineffective thermoregulation related to dehydration
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's serum glucose level of 618mg/dl is indicative of severe hyperglycemia, likely due to uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The client's presentation with hot dry skin, elevated heart rate, and low blood pressure suggests dehydration as a result of osmotic diuresis, which occurs in an attempt to excrete excess glucose. With an elevated heart rate and low blood pressure, it is essential to address the deficient volume to prevent further complications such as hypovolemic shock. Rehydration and fluid replacement are crucial interventions to help restore the client's fluid balance and prevent hemodynamic instability. Addressing the deficient volume related to osmotic diuresis should take the highest priority in this case.
A client with HIV has been prescribed anti viral medications. What instructions related to administration of medications should the nurse give such a client?
- A. Comply with the timing of antiviral medication around meals
- B. Avoid exposure to harsh sunlight for about 2hrs after taking the medication
- C. Have the medications with plenty of fruit juice
- D. Have an increased dose of the medications if the symptoms worsen
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should instruct the client to comply with the timing of antiviral medication around meals. Taking some antiviral medications with food can help reduce gastrointestinal side effects. Certain medications may be more effective when taken with food, while others may need to be taken on an empty stomach. It is essential for the client to follow the specific instructions given by their healthcare provider to ensure the optimal effectiveness of the antiviral medications.
Which type of leukemia has been MOST likely developed in a 2-year-old child with Down syndrome in the neonatal period?
- A. ALL
- B. CML
- C. AML M1
- D. AML M6
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Transient myeloproliferative disorder in neonates with Down syndrome can evolve into AML M6.
Rehabilitation plans for Mr. Gabatan;
- A. Should be left up to Mr. Gabatan and his family
- B. Should be considered and planned for early in his care
- C. Are not necessary, because he will return to former activities
- D. Are not necessary, because he will probably not able to work again Ms. J.K. is a 24-year old woman admitted to the neurosurgery floor 2 days following a hypophysectomy for a pituitary tumor. She is alert, oriented, and eager to return to her job as an executive to the hospital director. She is alert, oriented and eager to return to her job as an executive assistant to the hospital director. She calls the nurse to her room to express her concern about the frequency of urination she is experiencing, as well as the feeling of weakness that began this morning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rehabilitation plans for Mr. Gabatan should be considered and planned for early in his care. Planning for rehabilitation early on can help maximize his recovery potential, improve outcomes, and assist in a smoother transition back to his daily activities. It is important to involve Mr. Gabatan and his family in the decision-making process to ensure that the rehabilitation plan is tailored to his specific needs and goals. By addressing rehabilitation early, healthcare providers can provide the necessary support and interventions to help Mr. Gabatan achieve the best possible outcomes and quality of life following his illness or injury.
A 10-mo-old boy has a left suprarenal mass. Surgery is accomplished with complete removal of the mass as well as the non-adherent lymph nodes; surgical biopsies are taken during surgery. The histology reveals poorly differentiated neuroblastoma with microscopic ipsilateral lymph nodes involvement. The contralateral lymph nodes are negative. Of the following, the BEST therapeutic approach for this infant is
- A. chemotherapy
- B. radiotherapy
- C. concomitant chemo-radiotherapy
- D. chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Complete resection with microscopic residual disease typically warrants adjuvant chemotherapy.