Nokea
Which brain region is involved in memory formation?
- A. Cerebellum
- B. Hippocampus
- C. Brainstem
- D. Frontal lobe
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The hippocampus, located in the temporal lobe, is crucial for memory formation. It plays a vital role in converting short-term memories into long-term memories. Damage to the hippocampus can lead to significant memory deficits, highlighting its importance in the memory process. The cerebellum (Choice A) is primarily involved in coordination and balance, not memory. The brainstem (Choice C) is responsible for basic life functions such as breathing and heart rate, not memory. The frontal lobe (Choice D) is associated with functions like decision-making, problem-solving, and emotions, but not primarily memory formation.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the primary function of the immune system?
- A. To transport oxygen
- B. To fight infections
- C. To produce energy
- D. To regulate body temperature
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The primary function of the immune system is to fight infections. It identifies and destroys pathogens like bacteria and viruses, protecting the body from harmful substances. While oxygen transportation is carried out by the respiratory system, energy production is mainly the role of the metabolic system, and body temperature regulation is managed by the thermoregulatory system. These functions are separate from the immune system's primary role of defending the body against infections.
Which muscle is responsible for the extension of the elbow?
- A. Biceps brachii
- B. Triceps brachii
- C. Deltoid
- D. Pectoralis major
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Triceps brachii. The triceps brachii muscle is responsible for extending the elbow joint. It is located on the back of the upper arm and acts in opposition to the biceps brachii, which is responsible for elbow flexion. The deltoid muscle is primarily responsible for shoulder abduction, not elbow extension. The pectoralis major muscle is involved in movements of the shoulder joint, not the elbow.
What is the function of the liver in digestion?
- A. To produce bile
- B. To store glucose
- C. To secrete digestive enzymes
- D. To detoxify harmful substances
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The liver's main role in digestion is to produce bile, a substance that aids in the breakdown and absorption of fats in the small intestine. Bile emulsifies fats, helping enzymes break them down into smaller molecules for easier absorption in the digestive tract. Therefore, the correct answer is A: 'To produce bile.' Storing glucose, secreting digestive enzymes, and detoxifying harmful substances are functions of the liver, but they are not primarily related to digestion.
What is the function of the stomach in the digestive system?
- A. To absorb nutrients
- B. To break down food
- C. To produce bile
- D. To store waste
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'To break down food.' The stomach plays a crucial role in the digestive system by breaking down food using gastric acid and digestive enzymes. This process transforms the food into a semi-liquid mixture known as chyme, which is further digested in the small intestine. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the stomach does not primarily absorb nutrients, produce bile, or store waste. These functions are carried out by other organs in the digestive system such as the small intestine, liver, and large intestine, respectively.
What is the primary function of the small intestine in the digestive system?
- A. To secrete digestive enzymes
- B. To absorb nutrients
- C. To break down food
- D. To absorb water
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: To absorb nutrients. The small intestine's main role in the digestive system is to absorb nutrients from digested food. It has specialized structures, such as villi and microvilli, that increase its surface area for efficient absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. Choice A is incorrect because the small intestine does not primarily secrete digestive enzymes; that role is mainly carried out by the pancreas and other digestive organs. Choice C is incorrect because the small intestine primarily absorbs nutrients rather than breaking down food. Choice D is incorrect because the absorption of water primarily occurs in the large intestine, not the small intestine.