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Which cellular appendage enables cells to move through their environments?
- A. Cell membrane.
- B. Receptor.
- C. Flagellum.
- D. Transport protein.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
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Why is homeostasis necessary?
- A. It maintains temperature.
- B. It maintains pH.
- C. It maintains glucose levels.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Homeostasis is essential for maintaining the internal balance and stability of the body. It regulates various factors, such as temperature, pH levels, and glucose levels, to ensure optimal physiological function. Therefore, all the choices (temperature, pH, and glucose levels) are correct as they are all essential components of homeostasis, working together to keep the body's internal environment stable and functioning properly.
What structure enables sperm cells to move effectively?
- A. Centriole
- B. Cilium
- C. Centrosome
- D. Flagellum
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The flagellum is a whip-like structure that is crucial for sperm cells to swim and move effectively. It provides the necessary motility for sperm, allowing them to navigate through the female reproductive tract to reach the egg for fertilization. In contrast, structures like centriole, cilium, and centrosome do not have the propelling ability required for sperm cell movement.
Where does photosynthesis take place?
- A. Endoplasmic reticulum.
- B. Mitochondrion.
- C. Chloroplast.
- D. Golgi apparatus.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chloroplast. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast, specifically in the thylakoid membranes where the light-dependent reactions occur, and in the stroma where the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) take place. The chloroplast contains chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for capturing light energy needed for photosynthesis.
Explanation for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Endoplasmic reticulum - The endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis, not in photosynthesis.
B: Mitochondrion - Mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.
D: Golgi apparatus - The Golgi apparatus is involved in processing and packaging proteins for secretion, not in photosynthesis.
In summary, the correct answer is C (Chloroplast) because it is the organelle where photosynthesis occurs due to the presence of chlorophyll and the necessary enzymes for the light-dependent and
What type of bond in the DNA nucleotide base holds the strands together?
- A. Hydrogen
- B. Sodium chloride
- C. Copper
- D. Potassium bromide
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hydrogen bonds are the type of bonds that hold the two strands of DNA together by connecting complementary nitrogenous bases (adenine with thymine and cytosine with guanine). These weak bonds allow the DNA strands to separate during replication and transcription while providing stability to the overall structure of the DNA molecule.
Which DNA strand would complement this segment: ACTTGCA?
- A. TGAACGT
- B. GACCATG
- C. ACTTGCA
- D. None of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To find the complementary DNA strand, you need to pair each nucleotide with its complementary base: A with T, C with G, T with A, and G with C. Therefore, the correct match for ACTTGCA is TGAACGT. Only Choice A follows this complementary base pairing rule, making it the correct answer.