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Which child is at risk for developing glomerulonephritis?
- A. A 3-year-old who had impetigo 1 week ago.
- B. A 5-year-old with five UTIs in the previous year.
- C. A 6-year-old with new-onset type 1 diabetes.
- D. A 10-year-old recovering from viral pneumonia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
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A healthcare provider is preparing to administer ibuprofen 5 mg per kg every 6 hours PRN for temperatures above 38.0 degrees Celsius or 100.5 degrees Fahrenheit to an infant who weighs 17.6 lb. The infant has a temperature of 38.4 degrees Celsius or 101.2 degrees Fahrenheit. Available is ibuprofen liquid 100 mg/5 ml. How many milliliters should the healthcare provider administer to the infant?
- A. 12 ml
- B. 6 ml
- C. 2 ml
- D. 1 ml
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: To calculate the correct dosage, first convert the infant's weight to kilograms: 17.6 lb = 8 kg. The prescribed dose is 5 mg/kg, so for an 8 kg infant, the total dose required is 40 mg. Since the available ibuprofen liquid is 100 mg/5 ml, to find out how many milliliters to administer, divide the total dose (40 mg) by the concentration of the liquid (100 mg/5 ml), which equals 2 ml. Therefore, the healthcare provider should administer 2 ml of ibuprofen to the infant.
Which statement by an 18-year-old woman vaccinated with Gardasil indicates that more teaching is necessary?
- A. This vaccination will cure the HPV infection I got when I was 16.
- B. I will still need to have a routine Pap screen performed.
- C. Gardasil can prevent genital warts in males and females.
- D. This drug does not protect against all types of HPV.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Gardasil does not cure existing HPV infections. Gardasil is a preventive vaccine and does not treat existing infections. Choice B is correct as regular Pap screenings are still necessary even after vaccination. Choice C is also correct as Gardasil can prevent genital warts. Choice D is correct as Gardasil does not protect against all types of HPV. Therefore, option A is the statement that indicates the need for more teaching.
When teaching an adolescent about managing tinea pedis, which statement indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should buy some plastic shoes to wear at the swimming pool
- B. I should wear sandals as much as possible
- C. I should place the permethrin cream between my toes twice daily
- D. I should seal my non-washable shoes in plastic bags for a couple of weeks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
When teaching a school-age child and the parent how to administer insulin, which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Store the insulin in the refrigerator after each use.
- B. Rotate injection sites each time you give the injection.
- C. You should give the insulin at room temperature.
- D. Administer the insulin within 30 minutes of each meal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is essential to give insulin at room temperature to prevent discomfort during administration. Cold insulin can cause stinging and pain, which can be avoided by allowing the insulin to reach room temperature before administration. Storing insulin in the refrigerator is correct for long-term storage, but it should be brought to room temperature before use. Rotating injection sites is important to prevent lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by fatty lumps that can develop if injections are consistently given in the same area. Administering insulin within 30 minutes of a meal is generally recommended to match the insulin peak action with the peak glucose levels after eating, but giving insulin at room temperature is more crucial to ensure comfort and proper absorption.
You are evaluating a 6-year-old child with ALL on interim maintenance phase who has frequent mucositis and myelosuppression that needs frequent discontinuation of his treatment. Of the following, the MOST valuable test for this child is
- A. complete blood count
- B. pharmacogenetic testing of the thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) gene
- C. renal function test
- D. bone marrow study
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.