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Which community would benefit most from a lead poisoning education and screening program provided by the public health nurse?
- A. A community of older adults living in subsidized housing located near an airport.
- B. An urban community of young adults who frequently camp and hike in remote desert areas.
- C. A coastal community of mixed age groups who eat a diet high in fish and other seafood.
- D. A farming community where families with young children live primarily in 100-year-old farmhouses.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Families with young children living primarily in 100-year-old farmhouses would likely benefit most from a lead poisoning education and screening program. Older homes, particularly those built before 1978, often contain lead-based paint, which can pose a significant risk for lead poisoning, especially in young children.
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The community health nurse collaborated with the American Heart Association to launch a comprehensive educational program about strokes and acute coronary syndrome. Which result indicates that the program was successful?
- A. All educational pamphlets prepared for distribution were disseminated among the served counties.
- B. 75% of the workshop attendees rated the educational program as outstanding.
- C. Cardiac-related fatalities decreased by 109% six months after the program's presentation.
- D. 65% of the program's participants committed to adopting a healthier lifestyle.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A decrease in cardiac-related fatalities by 109% six months after the program's presentation is a direct and measurable outcome that indicates the program was successful in its goal to prevent strokes and acute coronary syndrome.
A client was admitted to the community palliative care unit ten years after being diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which intervention should the nurse prioritize in the client's care plan?
- A. Allow the family to visit whenever they wish.
- B. Administer medication as needed for pain and anxiety.
- C. Maintain a quiet environment with low lighting.
- D. Allow the client to participate in the care provided.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Administering medication as needed for pain and anxiety should be prioritized in the care plan for a client with MS in a palliative care unit. MS can cause varying degrees of pain and anxiety, and managing these symptoms can significantly improve the client's quality of life during the advanced stages of the disease.
A graduate nursing student requests information, including laboratory findings and chest X-ray results, about all clients with symptoms of H1N1 who have been seen during the last month in a community health clinic. What action should the charge nurse take?
- A. Obtain written authorization from clients to release the information.
- B. Verify if permission has been obtained from the research committee.
- C. Ask the student to sign a standard waiver form.
- D. Provide the information for research purposes only.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A graduate nursing student requesting information, including laboratory findings and chest X-ray results, about all clients with symptoms of H1N1 who have been seen during the last month in a community health clinic is asking for sensitive patient information. This information is protected under privacy laws and regulations, such as the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States. Therefore, the charge nurse should obtain written authorization from clients to release the information.
A 2-month-old infant contracts a disease through vertical transmission. Which situation should the nurse investigate further to ascertain how the infant might have been exposed to the disease?
- A. The infant received a scheduled immunization.
- B. The father fed the infant spoiled baby food.
- C. The mother is breastfeeding the infant.
- D. The infant was bitten by an infected mosquito.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Breastfeeding is a common method of vertical transmission. Certain infections in the mother can be passed to the infant through breast milk. Therefore, if a 2-month-old infant contracts a disease that could be transmitted vertically, it would be important to investigate if the mother could be the source of the infection.
A mother who is six weeks postpartum reports to the home health nurse that her milk supply seems to be diminishing. The nurse notices that the mother's 16-month-old child is constantly vying for her attention. What is the best advice the nurse can provide to help the mother with breastfeeding while also caring for a toddler?
- A. Have the 16-month-old child play in another room during breastfeeding.
- B. Read a book to the 16-month-old child while the mother is breastfeeding the infant.
- C. Encourage the toddler to watch TV while the mother is breastfeeding the baby.
- D. Give the toddler crayons and paper while the mother is breastfeeding the infant.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Reading a book to the 16-month-old child while the mother is breastfeeding the infant can be a practical solution. It allows the mother to attend to both children simultaneously, keeping the older child engaged while tending to the infant.