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Which complication could occur as a result of percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS)?
- A. Postdates pregnancy
- B. Fetal bradycardia
- C. Placenta previa
- D. Uterine rupture
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fetal bradycardia is the most common complication of PUBS due to the invasive nature of the procedure.
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What is the primary purpose of using a fetal monitor during labor?
- A. to assess fetal heart rate variability
- B. to monitor for fetal distress
- C. to monitor maternal vital signs
- D. to assess the mother's emotional state
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: to monitor maternal vital signs. During labor, monitoring maternal vital signs such as blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation is crucial to ensure the well-being of both the mother and the baby. Changes in these vital signs can indicate potential complications that may require immediate intervention. Fetal heart rate variability (A) is important but not the primary purpose of using a fetal monitor. Monitoring for fetal distress (B) is indeed important, but the primary purpose is to ensure the mother's health. Assessing the mother's emotional state (D) is not the primary reason for using a fetal monitor during labor.
A pregnant patient at 30 weeks gestation reports swelling in her legs and feet. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
- A. Increase fluid intake to reduce swelling.
- B. Lie down flat on your back to relieve swelling.
- C. Elevate the legs while sitting or lying down.
- D. Limit physical activity and avoid walking.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the legs while sitting or lying down. This intervention helps reduce swelling by promoting venous return and reducing fluid accumulation in the lower extremities. Elevating the legs helps gravity assist in returning blood back to the heart, reducing edema. Increasing fluid intake (A) may worsen swelling. Lying flat on the back (B) can restrict blood flow and worsen swelling. Limiting physical activity (D) can lead to decreased circulation and exacerbate swelling.
A nurse is educating a pregnant patient about safe sleep practices for the infant. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further teaching?
- A. I will always place my baby on their back to sleep.
- B. I will place my baby in the same bed with me to make sure they are safe.
- C. I will keep soft bedding out of my baby's crib.
- D. I will encourage tummy time when my baby is awake.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because placing the baby in the same bed increases the risk of suffocation, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and other sleep-related accidents. Co-sleeping is not recommended due to the potential hazards. Choices A, C, and D are safe sleep practices. Placing the baby on their back reduces the risk of SIDS, keeping soft bedding out of the crib prevents suffocation, and tummy time is beneficial for the baby's development when they are awake.
A pregnant patient is concerned about preeclampsia, as she has a family history of the condition. Which of the following should the nurse prioritize in monitoring this patient?
- A. Frequent assessment of blood pressure and urine for protein
- B. Monitoring for abdominal pain and nausea
- C. Increasing the patient's fluid intake to avoid dehydration
- D. Encouraging the patient to rest and avoid strenuous activity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because preeclampsia is characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria. Monitoring blood pressure and urine for protein is essential for early detection and intervention. Choice B is incorrect as abdominal pain and nausea are not specific symptoms of preeclampsia. Choice C is incorrect because excessive fluid intake can worsen preeclampsia. Choice D is incorrect as rest alone cannot prevent or manage preeclampsia. Prioritizing blood pressure and urine monitoring helps identify and manage preeclampsia efficiently.
A 32-week pregnant woman is admitted to the labor and delivery unit with contractions every 5 minutes. What is the most appropriate intervention?
- A. Administer magnesium sulfate to stop the contractions
- B. Start an IV and monitor the fetal heart rate
- C. Perform a cesarean section immediately
- D. Encourage the patient to push to deliver the baby
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Start an IV and monitor the fetal heart rate. This is the most appropriate intervention as it allows for assessment of fetal well-being and maternal status. IV access is crucial for potential interventions like administering medications or fluids. Monitoring fetal heart rate helps determine fetal distress. Administering magnesium sulfate (choice A) should be considered for preterm labor, not routine contractions. Performing a cesarean section immediately (choice C) is not indicated without proper evaluation. Encouraging the patient to push (choice D) is premature without assessing cervical dilation.