Nokea
Which condition involves the enlargement and weakening of the left ventricle of the heart, leading to reduced pumping ability?
- A. Dilated cardiomyopathy
- B. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- C. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- D. Pericarditis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dilated cardiomyopathy. This condition involves the enlargement and weakening of the left ventricle, leading to reduced pumping ability. This results in the heart being unable to pump blood efficiently, causing symptoms like fatigue and shortness of breath. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (B) is the thickening of the heart muscle, not enlargement. Restrictive cardiomyopathy (C) involves stiffening of the heart muscle, not weakening. Pericarditis (D) is inflammation of the pericardium, not the heart muscle itself.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the condition where the body's immune system attacks its tissues, causing inflammation and damage?
- A. Autoimmune disease
- B. Infectious disease
- C. Allergic reaction
- D. Degenerative disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autoimmune disease. In autoimmune diseases, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. This occurs due to a breakdown in immune tolerance, resulting in the immune system targeting self-antigens. This leads to chronic inflammation and tissue damage. In contrast, infectious diseases are caused by pathogens, allergic reactions are responses to harmless substances, and degenerative diseases involve the gradual deterioration of tissues over time. Therefore, autoimmune disease best fits the description provided in the question.
What is a procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space to help a patient breathe easier?
- A. Thoracentesis
- B. Bronchoscopy
- C. Chest X-ray
- D. CT scan
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Thoracentesis is the correct answer because it is a procedure used to remove fluid or air from the pleural space, which can help a patient breathe easier. The steps involved in thoracentesis include identifying the location for insertion, numbing the area with local anesthesia, inserting a needle or catheter into the pleural space, draining the fluid or air, and monitoring the patient for any complications.
Summary:
- B: Bronchoscopy is a procedure used to visualize the airways and diagnose lung conditions, not to remove fluid or air from the pleural space.
- C: Chest X-ray is an imaging test used to visualize the chest area and diagnose various conditions, but it does not involve removing fluid or air from the pleural space.
- D: CT scan is an imaging test that provides detailed images of the internal structures of the body, but it is not a procedure for removing fluid or air from the pleural space.
What is a condition where the airways become inflamed and narrow, making breathing difficult?
- A. Asthma
- B. Bronchitis
- C. Pleurisy
- D. Tuberculosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asthma is the correct answer because it is a condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to difficulty in breathing. This is due to various triggers causing the airways to become inflamed, swollen, and produce excess mucus, resulting in constriction and breathing difficulties. Bronchitis, Pleurisy, and Tuberculosis do not directly involve narrowing of the airways as their primary mechanism, making them incorrect choices. Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes, Pleurisy is inflammation of the lining around the lungs, and Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection primarily affecting the lungs.
Which of the following nursing interventions should a nurse perform to relieve tachycardia that may develop in a client with myocarditis from hypoxemia?
- A. Maintain the client on bed rest.
- B. Administer a prescribed antipyretic.
- C. Elevate the client's head.
- D. Administer supplemental oxygen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supplemental oxygen addresses hypoxemia, which can reduce tachycardia in clients with myocarditis.
The client is receiving intravenous dopamine. What is the most important nursing assessment?
- A. Monitor heart rate and rhythm
- B. Monitor blood pressure
- C. Monitor respiratory rate
- D. Monitor oxygen saturation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitor heart rate and rhythm. Dopamine is a medication that can affect the heart rate and rhythm. Monitoring these parameters is crucial to detect any potential adverse effects such as tachycardia or arrhythmias. Monitoring blood pressure is also important, but assessing heart rate and rhythm takes precedence due to the direct impact of dopamine on cardiac function. Respiratory rate and oxygen saturation are generally not directly affected by dopamine administration.