Nokea
This heart condition is characterized by decreased cardiac output and tissue perfusion, which can lead to organ failure.
- A. Cardiogenic shock
- B. Myocardial infarction
- C. Endocarditis
- D. Pericarditis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cardiogenic shock. Cardiogenic shock is characterized by decreased cardiac output and tissue perfusion due to the heart's inability to pump effectively, leading to organ failure. This condition is a result of heart failure or myocardial infarction. Myocardial infarction (choice B) is a cause of cardiogenic shock, but not the specific condition described. Endocarditis (choice C) and pericarditis (choice D) do not directly result in decreased cardiac output and tissue perfusion leading to organ failure like cardiogenic shock does.
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Which of the following nursing interventions should a nurse perform to relieve tachycardia that may develop in a client with myocarditis from hypoxemia?
- A. Maintain the client on bed rest.
- B. Administer a prescribed antipyretic.
- C. Elevate the client's head.
- D. Administer supplemental oxygen.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Supplemental oxygen addresses hypoxemia, which can reduce tachycardia in clients with myocarditis.
What procedure involves using a balloon to open a narrowed or blocked blood vessel, often followed by the placement of a stent?
- A. Angioplasty
- B. Valve replacement
- C. Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
- D. Endarterectomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Angioplasty. Angioplasty involves using a balloon to open a narrowed or blocked blood vessel, followed by the placement of a stent to keep the vessel open. This procedure is commonly used to treat conditions like coronary artery disease. Valve replacement (B) involves replacing damaged heart valves, CABG (C) involves bypassing blocked coronary arteries using grafts, and endarterectomy (D) involves removing plaque from arteries, but none of these procedures specifically involve using a balloon and stent to open a narrowed or blocked blood vessel.
Clients taking diuretics for chronic congestive heart failure need to be taught to report
- A. 1-lb weight gain in 2 days
- B. Seeing yellow hazes around bright lights
- C. Change in the heart rate
- D. Change in activity tolerance
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight gain indicates fluid retention.
What is the accumulation of fatty deposits along the walls of arteries, leading to reduced blood flow?
- A. Atherosclerosis
- B. Arteriosclerosis
- C. Aneurysm
- D. Thrombosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the accumulation of fatty deposits in arteries, causing reduced blood flow. Arteriosclerosis is a general term for thickening and hardening of arteries, not necessarily due to fatty deposits. Aneurysm is a localized, abnormal dilation of a blood vessel, not related to fatty deposits. Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot within a blood vessel, not the accumulation of fatty deposits.
A long-term-care resident with venous stasis ulcers is treated with Unna's boot. Which of the nursing activities included in the resident's care is best for you to delegate to a nursing assistant?
- A. Monitor capillary perfusion once every 8 hours.
- B. Teach family members the signs of infection.
- C. Evaluate foot sensation and movement each shift.
- D. Assist patient with cleaning around Unna's boot.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cleaning around the boot is a simple task suitable for a nursing assistant.