Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers

Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers Related

Review Cardiovascular System Exam Questions And Answers related questions and content

Which condition is characterized by the right ventricle of the heart failing due to increased pressure in the lungs, often caused by chronic lung disease?

  • A. Cor pulmonale
  • B. Pulmonary embolism
  • C. Aortic stenosis
  • D. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cor pulmonale. This condition is characterized by right ventricle failure due to increased pulmonary pressure from chronic lung disease. Step 1: Chronic lung disease causes increased pressure in the lungs. Step 2: The increased pressure in the lungs leads to the right ventricle of the heart working harder to pump blood through the lungs. Step 3: Over time, this increased workload can cause right ventricular failure, known as cor pulmonale. Summary: B is incorrect as pulmonary embolism is a sudden blockage of an artery in the lungs. C is incorrect as aortic stenosis involves narrowing of the aortic valve, affecting the left ventricle. D is incorrect as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic condition causing thickening of the heart muscle.

You may also like to solve these questions

Which condition is characterized by the sudden onset of shortness of breath, often occurring at night and associated with heart failure?

  • A. Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
  • B. Sleep apnea
  • C. Orthopnea
  • D. Dyspnea
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. This condition is characterized by sudden onset of shortness of breath at night, often associated with heart failure. It occurs when a person lies down due to fluid redistribution in the body, leading to increased pressure on the lungs and heart. Sleep apnea (B) is a separate condition characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Orthopnea (C) is difficulty breathing while lying flat, relieved by sitting up. Dyspnea (D) is a general term for shortness of breath but does not specifically refer to the sudden onset at night associated with heart failure.

In penetrating heart injuries such as a stab wound, which of the following tears in the heart continues to bleed and does not seal with a clot?

  • A. Pericardial tear
  • B. Endocardial tear
  • C. Epicardial tear
  • D. Myocardial tear
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Myocardial tears do not seal easily, leading to continued bleeding and potential complications.

The nurse is teaching a client about the side effects of beta blockers. What is the most important side effect to monitor?

  • A. Hypotension
  • B. Bradycardia
  • C. Hyperkalemia
  • D. Tachycardia
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypotension. Beta blockers can cause a decrease in blood pressure, leading to hypotension. Monitoring for hypotension is crucial as it can result in dizziness, fainting, or even shock. Bradycardia (choice B) is a common side effect but usually not as critical as hypotension. Hyperkalemia (choice C) is a potential side effect of some beta blockers but is less common and typically not as urgent as hypotension. Tachycardia (choice D) is the opposite of what beta blockers typically cause, making it an unlikely side effect to monitor for in this case.

This is a chronic condition where the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

  • A. Heart failure
  • B. Cardiomyopathy
  • C. Myocarditis
  • D. Pericarditis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Heart failure. In heart failure, the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs, leading to symptoms such as shortness of breath and fatigue. This condition can result from various causes like hypertension or heart attacks. Cardiomyopathy (B) refers to diseases of the heart muscle, which can lead to heart failure but is not the same thing. Myocarditis (C) is inflammation of the heart muscle, and pericarditis (D) is inflammation of the pericardium, both of which can cause heart failure but are not the primary condition described in the question.

As the charge nurse in a long-term-care (LTC) facility that has RN, LPN/LVN, and nursing assistant staff members, you have developed a plan for ongoing assessment of all residents with a diagnosis of heart failure. Which of these activities included in the plan is most appropriate to delegate to an LPN/LVN team leader?

  • A. Weigh all residents with heart failure each morning.
  • B. Listen to lung sounds and check for edema weekly.
  • C. Review all heart failure medications with residents every month.
  • D. Update activity plans for residents with heart failure every quarter.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Weighing residents is a routine task suitable for delegation to an LPN/LVN.

Copyright © 2025 Nokea. All rights reserved.