Nokea
Which contraceptive method best protects against STIs and the HIV?
- A. Periodic abstinence
- B. Barrier methods
- C. Hormonal methods
- D. Same protection with all methods
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Barrier methods, such as condoms, protect against STIs and HIV the best of all contraceptive methods. Periodic abstinence and hormonal methods do not offer protection against STIs or HIV.
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The nurse is assessing a 25-year-old female patient when the patient becomes tearful. The patient states that she has thin milky discharge from her nipples and two small masses on her left breast. She has lost over 40 pounds in the past year due to intensive exercises and finds that she needs to wear a sports bra during her sessions. The patient states that she is afraid that she will become the first member of her family to have breast cancer. Besides a negative mammogram, what other symptoms would correlate with this being a benign finding? Select all that apply.
- A. Milky discharge from nipples
- B. Extensive weight loss
- C. Painful masses
- D. Mood swings
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Milky discharge from nipples. Milky discharge from nipples in a young female with no other concerning symptoms can be indicative of benign conditions such as hormonal imbalances or medication side effects. In this case, the patient's age, weight loss due to exercise, and negative mammogram are all factors that suggest a low likelihood of breast cancer. Extensive weight loss (choice B) is likely attributed to the intensive exercises mentioned and not directly correlated with breast cancer. Painful masses (choice C) could indicate an inflammatory or infection process but are not necessarily indicative of malignancy. Mood swings (choice D) are unrelated to the breast symptomatology described.
The nurse is writing an expected outcome for the nursing diagnosis—acute pain related to
tissue trauma, secondary to vaginal birth, as evidenced by patient stating pain of 8 on a scale
of 10. Which expected outcome is correctly stated for this problem?
- A. Patient will state that pain is a 2 on a scale of 10.
- B. Patient will have a reduction in pain after administration of the prescribed
- C. Patient will state an absence of pain 1 hour after administration of the prescribed
- D. Patient will state that pain is a 2 on a scale of 10, 1 hour after the administration of
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it aligns with the SMART criteria for expected outcomes. Specific: It clearly states the desired pain level of 2 on a scale of 10. Measurable: It provides a quantifiable measure to assess the outcome. Achievable: The goal is realistic and attainable within a specified time frame. Relevant: It directly addresses the nursing diagnosis of acute pain related to tissue trauma. Time-bound: It includes a timeframe of 1 hour after administration for evaluation.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not meet all the SMART criteria. Choice A only focuses on the pain level without a specific timeframe. Choice B mentions pain reduction but lacks a specific target level or timeframe. Choice C mentions pain absence but lacks a specific timeframe for evaluation.
After delivery, excess hypertrophied tissue in the uterus undergoes a period of self-destruction. What is the correct term for this process?
- A. Autolysis
- B. Subinvolution
- C. Afterpains
- D. Diastasis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Autolysis is caused by a decrease in hormone levels, leading to the self-destruction of excess uterine tissue.
Which body part both protects the pelvic structures and accommodates the growing fetus during pregnancy?
- A. Perineum
- B. Bony pelvis
- C. Vaginal vestibule
- D. Fourchette
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The bony pelvis provides protection and support for the growing fetus during pregnancy.
Which condition is the most life-threatening virus to the fetus and neonate?
- A. Hepatitis A virus (HAV)
- B. Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- C. Hepatitis B virus (HBV)
- D. Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses the most significant threat to the fetus and neonate.