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Which database would the public health nurse use when conducting research to locate regularly updated systematic reviews?
- A. Cochrane Library
- B. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ)
- C. Medline with Full Text
- D. Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cochrane Library. The Cochrane Library is renowned for regularly updated systematic reviews, providing high-quality evidence for healthcare decision-making. It follows strict methodology to ensure reliability. AHRQ (B) focuses on healthcare quality improvement, not systematically updated reviews. While Medline (C) and CINAHL (D) are databases for primary research articles, they do not specifically focus on systematic reviews. Therefore, Cochrane Library is the most appropriate database for the public health nurse's research needs.
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A nurse in the infectious disease division of the local health department is caring for a client. Which of the following infections should the nurse identify should be reported to the health department?
- A. Clostridium difficile
- B. Herpes simplex virus
- C. Chlamydia trachomatis
- D. Human papilloma virus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chlamydia trachomatis. This infection should be reported to the health department because it is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can have public health implications. Reporting helps track and control the spread of the infection, ensure proper treatment for the affected individual, and prevent further transmission. The other choices (A, B, and D) are not typically reportable to the health department as they are not considered communicable diseases that pose a significant public health risk. Reporting these infections may not be necessary for public health surveillance or intervention purposes.
A nurse manager is reviewing documentation with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following notations by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. Administered 8 u regular insulin sq
- B. Check gastric residuals every 4 hours
- C. Compare the client's list of home medications to the admission prescriptions
- D. Measure the client's urine output every hour
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it reflects proper documentation format, including the medication name, dose, route, and frequency. It demonstrates the nurse understands how to document medication administration accurately. Choice B is incorrect as it lacks specific details on the action to be taken. Choice C is incorrect as it does not imply any action related to medication safety. Choice D is incorrect as it does not specify the reason for measuring urine output.
A staff nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse suction a client’s tracheostomy. Which of the following actions by the newly-licensed nurse requires intervention by the staff nurse?
- A. Waits for 2 minutes between suctions
- B. Engaging in policy development and encourage and assist persons to communicate their needs
- C. Giving a very informative and engaging presentation
- D. Identifying and planning for high-risk populations
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because waiting for 2 minutes between suctions is not recommended practice for tracheostomy care. Suctioning should be performed as needed based on the patient's clinical presentation, not on a fixed time interval. Waiting too long between suctions can lead to ineffective removal of secretions, compromising the patient's airway.
Choice B, C, and D are incorrect because they are unrelated to the scenario of suctioning a tracheostomy. Choice B refers to policy development and communication skills, Choice C mentions giving a presentation, and Choice D involves planning for high-risk populations. These choices do not pertain to the immediate nursing intervention needed during tracheostomy care.
A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile wound irrigation and dressing change for a client. Which of the following actions by the nurse breaks in surgical aseptic technique?
- A. Balancing the bottle on the sterile basin while pouring the liquid
- B. Clarify the reason for the referral
- C. Identify family needs and interventions
- D. Provide discharge teaching
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because balancing the bottle on the sterile basin contaminates the sterile field. Sterile technique requires keeping all items above waist level, avoiding leaning over the sterile field, and maintaining a safe distance to prevent contamination. Choices B, C, and D are unrelated to sterile technique and do not involve direct contact with the sterile field. Clarifying the reason for referral, identifying family needs, and providing discharge teaching are important aspects of nursing care but do not pertain to maintaining a sterile field during wound irrigation and dressing change.
Which environmental health activity would the nurse perform while engaged in the core public health function of assurance?
- A. Educating the community about the need to boil contaminated drinking water
- B. Collecting data about health issues related to contaminated drinking water
- C. Developing polices to regulate the discharge of pollutants into the waterways
- D. Assessing measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Assessing measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water. This activity falls under the assurance function as it involves ensuring that appropriate measures are in place to protect the community from health risks associated with contaminated water. By assessing these measures, the nurse is actively working to reduce the community's exposure to harmful contaminants, thereby fulfilling the role of assuring the public's health.
A: Educating the community about the need to boil contaminated drinking water falls under the core function of education rather than assurance.
B: Collecting data about health issues related to contaminated drinking water is a part of the assessment function, not assurance.
C: Developing policies to regulate the discharge of pollutants into the waterways is more aligned with the policy development function rather than assurance.
In summary, the correct answer focuses on actively evaluating and implementing measures to reduce exposure to contaminated water, which directly contributes to the assurance function of environmental health.