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In 1889, Jerome K. Jerome wrote a humorous account of a boating holiday. Originally intended as a chapter in a serious travel guide, the work became a prime example of a comic novel. Read the passage below, noting the word/words in italics. Answer the question that follows. I felt rather hurt about this at first; it seemed somehow to be a sort of slight. Why hadn't I got housemaid's knee? Why this invidious reservation? After a while, however, less grasping feelings prevailed. I reflected that I had every other known malady in the pharmacology, and I grew less selfish, and determined to do without housemaid's knee. Gout, in its most malignant stage, it would appear, had seized me without my being aware of it; and zymosis I had evidently been suffering with from boyhood. There were no more diseases after zymosis, so I concluded there was nothing else the matter with me. Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Boat
Which definition best fits the word zymosis?
- A. Discontent
- B. An infectious disease
- C. Poverty
- D. Bad luck
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this passage, the word 'zymosis' is described as a malady that the narrator has been suffering from since boyhood. This aligns with the definition of zymosis as an infectious disease, making option B the correct choice. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the passage clearly indicates that zymosis is a medical condition, not related to feelings of discontent, poverty, or bad luck.
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The mother sun-fish, having now built or provided her "hatchery,"
deposits her spawn within the circular inclosure, and mounts guard at the
entrance until the fry are hatched out and are sufficiently large to take
charge of themselves.
What is the definition of the word 'fry' as it appears in the passage?
- A. Fry eggs that have been fertilized.
- B. Young fish capable of feeding themselves.
- C. A place where larvae are kept safe from predators.
- D. Fish prepared to be fried in oil.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Young fish capable of feeding themselves.' In the provided extract, 'fry' refers to the young fish that are hatched out and are old enough to take charge of themselves. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to a different context of 'fry.' Choice C is incorrect as it describes a location rather than the meaning of 'fry.' Choice D is also incorrect as it provides a definition of 'fry' related to cooking, which is not the intended meaning in the passage.
This excerpt is adaptation from Charles Dickens' speech in Birmingham in England on December 30, 1853 on behalf of the Birmingham and Midland Institute. My Good Friends,—When I first imparted to the committee of the projected Institute my particular wish that on one of the evenings of my readings here the main body of my audience should be composed of working men and their families, I was animated by two desires; first, by the wish to have the great pleasure of meeting you face to face at this Christmas time, and accompany you myself through one of my little Christmas books; and second, by the wish to have an opportunity of stating publicly in your presence, and in the presence of the committee, my earnest hope that the Institute will, from the beginning, recognise one great principle—strong in reason and justice—which I believe to be essential to the very life of such an Institution. It is, that the working man shall, from the first unto the last, have a share in the management of an Institution which is designed for his benefit, and which calls itself by his name.
I have no fear here of being misunderstood—of being supposed to mean too much in this. If there ever was a time when any one class could of itself do much for its own good, and for the welfare of society—which I greatly doubt—that time is unquestionably past. It is in the fusion of different classes, without confusion; in the bringing together of employers and employed; in the creating of a better common understanding among those whose interests are identical, who depend upon each other, who are vitally essential to each other, and who never can be in unnatural antagonism without deplorable results, that one of the chief principles of a Mechanics' Institution should consist. In this world a great deal of the bitterness among us arises from an imperfect understanding of one another. Erect in Birmingham a great Educational Institution, properly educational; educational of the feelings as well as of the reason; to which all orders of Birmingham men contribute; in which all orders of Birmingham men meet; wherein all orders of Birmingham men are faithfully represented—and you will erect a Temple of Concord here which will be a model edifice to the whole of England.
Contemplating as I do the existence of the Artisans' Committee, which not long ago considered the establishment of the Institute so sensibly, and supported it so heartily, I earnestly entreat the gentlemen—earnest I know in the good work, and who are now among us,—by all means to avoid the great shortcoming of similar institutions; and in asking the working man for his confidence, to set him the great example and give him theirs in return. You will judge for yourselves if I promise too much for the working man, when I say that he will stand by such an enterprise with the utmost of his patience, his perseverance, sense, and support; that I am sure he will need no charitable aid or condescending patronage; but will readily and cheerfully pay for the advantages which it confers; that he will prepare himself in individual cases where he feels that the adverse circumstances around him have rendered it necessary; in a word, that he will feel his responsibility like an honest man, and will most honestly and manfully discharge it. I now proceed to the pleasant task to which I assure you I have looked forward for a long time.
Which word is most closely synonymous with the word patronage as it appears in the following statement? . . . that I am sure he will need no charitable aid or condescending patronage
- A. Auspices
- B. Aberration
- C. Acerbic
- D. Adulation
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the context provided, the word 'patronage' implies supporting or helping someone in a condescending manner. 'Auspices' is the correct answer as it refers to support or sponsorship, especially from an influential or powerful source, without the negative connotations associated with patronage. 'Aberration' (choice B) means a departure from what is normal or expected and is not a synonym for patronage. 'Acerbic' (choice C) means sharp or bitter in tone, which is not related to patronage. 'Adulation' (choice D) means excessive admiration or praise, which is not synonymous with patronage.
What outdoorsy, family adventure can you have on a hot, summer day? How about spelunking? If you live in an area that is anywhere near is guided, lit cave, find out the hours of operation and hit the road towards it as soon as you can. Hitch up the double jogging stroller and make your way out into the wilderness, preferably with a guide, and discover the wonders of the cool, dark earth even while it is weltering hot in the outside world. It will be 58 degrees in that cave, and you can explore inside for as long as you please. Best part? The absolutely awesome naps that the kids will take after such an exciting adventure! Be sure to bring the following items: - Bottled water - Light-up tennis shoes if you have them (they look fabulous in the dark) - Flashlights or glow sticks just for fun - Jackets - Changes of clothes in case of getting muddy and/or dirty
Based on the information given, what is spelunking?
- A. exploring inside a cave
- B. an outdoor adventure
- C. walking with a double stroller
- D. a hot, summer day
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The passage describes spelunking as 'hit the road towards it as soon as you can' and 'discover the wonders of the cool, dark earth even while it is weltering hot in the outside world.' This indicates that spelunking involves exploring inside a cave, making option A, 'exploring inside a cave,' the correct answer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the description of spelunking provided in the passage.
An adult skeleton had 206 bones. The skeleton has two major divisions: the axil skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton, which consists of 80 bones including the skull, vertebrae, and rib, is located down the center of the body. The axial skeleton protects vital organs such as the brain and heart. The appendicular skeleton consists of 126 ones of the arms, legs, and the bones that attach these bones to the axial skeleton. The appendicular skeleton includes the scapulae (shoulder blades), clavicles (collarbones), and pelvic (hip) bones.
Which of the following bones is not part of the appendicular skeleton?
- A. skull
- B. clavicle
- C. scapula
- D. pelvic bone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A, 'skull.' The skull is part of the axial skeleton, not the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton, which includes the skull, vertebrae, and ribs, is located down the center of the body and protects vital organs such as the brain and heart. On the other hand, the appendicular skeleton consists of bones of the arms, legs, and the bones that attach these limbs to the axial skeleton. Choices B, C, and D (clavicle, scapula, pelvic bone) are part of the appendicular skeleton as they form the bones of the limbs and girdles that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton.
The Dewey Decimal Classes. 000 Computer science, information, and general works 100 Philosophy and psychology 200 Religion 300 Social sciences 400 Languages 500 Science and mathematics 600 Technical and applied science 700 Arts and recreation 800 Literature 900 History, geography, and biography Jorgen is doing a project on the Ancient Greek mathematician and poet Eratosthenes. In his initial review, Jorgen learns that Eratosthenes is considered the first person to calculate the circumference of the earth, and that he is considered the first to describe geography as it is studied today.
To which section of the library should Jorgen go to find out more about the current applications of the sieve of Eratosthenes?
- A. 000
- B. 100
- C. 400
- D. 500
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Jorgen should go to the 500 section of the library, which covers science and mathematics, to find out more about the current applications of the sieve of Eratosthenes. The sieve of Eratosthenes is a mathematical tool used to determine prime numbers, making the science and mathematics section the most appropriate choice. Philosophy and psychology (100), languages (400), and computer science (000) are not the primary areas where one would typically find information on the applications of this mathematical tool.