Nokea
Which diagnostic test, considered a sensitive indicator of advanced kidney disease, will need to be closely monitored by the nursing team?
- A. Serum creatinine level
- B. Serum sodium level
- C. Uric acid level
- D. Urine specific gravity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Serum creatinine is a sensitive indicator of kidney function, as it rises with advanced kidney disease due to impaired filtration.
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Which modifiable risk factor should the nurse identify for the development of cancer of the bladder in a client?
- A. Previous exposure to chemicals.
- B. Pelvic radiation therapy.
- C. Cigarette smoking.
- D. Parasitic infections of the bladder.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cigarette smoking is a major modifiable risk factor for bladder cancer due to carcinogenic compounds in tobacco. Chemical exposure and radiation are risks but less modifiable, and parasitic infections are rare.
Which information regarding the care of a cutaneous ileal conduit should the nurse discuss with the client?
- A. Teach the client to instill a few drops of vinegar into the pouch.
- B. Tell the client the stoma should be slightly dusky colored.
- C. Inform the client large clumps of mucus are expected.
- D. Tell the client it is normal for the urine to be pink or red in color.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mucus in the urine is expected with an ileal conduit due to intestinal mucosa in the conduit. Vinegar instillation is not standard, a dusky stoma indicates ischemia, and pink/red urine suggests bleeding, which is abnormal.
Which nursing intervention is most helpful in assisting the client undergoing hemodialysis to cope with the client and the patient to the patient?
- A. Giving the client literature to read about renal failure
- B. Advising the client's spouse to cook the client's favorite dishes
- C. Keeping the client informed of the latest research findings
- D. Exploring with the client how this disorder has affected life
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exploring the impact of the disorder on the client's life fosters emotional coping and supports psychosocial adjustment.
The nurse is inserting an indwelling catheter into a female client. Which interventions should be implemented? Rank in the order of performance.
- A. Explain the procedure to the client.
- B. Set up the sterile field.
- C. Inflate the catheter bulb.
- D. Place absorbent pads under the client.
- E. Clean the perineum from clean to dirty with Betadine.
Correct Answer: A,D,B,E,C
Rationale: Correct order: 1) Explain the procedure to gain consent and reduce anxiety; 2) Place absorbent pads to maintain a clean field; 3) Set up the sterile field to prepare equipment; 4) Clean the perineum (front to back, not clean to dirty, assuming document error) to reduce infection risk; 5) Inflate the catheter bulb after insertion to secure it.
The nurse is preparing a teaching care plan for the client diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. Which intervention should the nurse include?
- A. Stop steroids if a moon face develops.
- B. Provide teaching for taking diuretics.
- C. Increase the intake of dietary sodium.
- D. Report a decrease in daily weight.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diuretics are commonly prescribed in nephrotic syndrome to manage edema. Teaching proper diuretic use (e.g., timing, side effects like hypokalemia) is essential. Stopping steroids for moon face is incorrect, increasing sodium worsens edema, and weight loss is expected, not a concern.