Nokea
Which environmental factor most hinders mental development?
- A. Lack of sleep
- B. Poor nutrition
- C. Excessive screen time
- D. Noisy surroundings
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Poor nutrition (B) most hinders mental development by limiting brain growth and function. Sleep (A), screen time (C), and noise (D) impact development, but nutrition is foundational.
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Which intervention would be appropriate for a patient with a nursing diagnosis of Ineffective coping as evidenced by manipulation of others?
- A. Refer patient requests and questions about care to the primary nurse.
- B. Provide negative reinforcement for any acting-out behavior.
- C. Ignore rather than confront inappropriate interpersonal behavior.
- D. Encourage the patient to discuss feelings of fear and inferiority.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because referring patient requests and questions about care to the primary nurse promotes patient independence and helps establish boundaries. This intervention empowers the patient to take responsibility for their care and reduces the reliance on manipulation of others.
Choice B is incorrect because negative reinforcement may exacerbate the behavior and lead to further manipulation.
Choice C is incorrect because ignoring inappropriate behavior does not address the underlying issue of ineffective coping and may reinforce the behavior.
Choice D is incorrect because encouraging the patient to discuss feelings of fear and inferiority may be helpful, but it does not directly address the manipulation of others, which is the main concern in this nursing diagnosis.
During a counseling session, the mother of one of the clients with an eating disorder states to the nurse, 'I feel like such a failure. How can I be sure my daughter has no more problems like this?' Which response is the most therapeutic?
- A. You are not responsible for your daughter's behavior.'
- B. Avoid giving advice and engaging in power struggles with your daughter.'
- C. It sounds like you are blaming yourself for your daughter's problems.'
- D. Try to ignore any problems your daughter has related to her eating disorder.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale:
C is the correct answer because it demonstrates empathy and reflects active listening. It acknowledges the mother's feelings without judgment and helps her explore her emotions. A: Blames the mother. B: Avoids addressing the mother's emotions. D: Dismisses the daughter's issues.
Emphasize that the battering pattern usually remains the same in frequency and severity.
- A. By emphasizing that the battering pattern usually remains the same in frequency, it indicates a consistent and recurring nature of the behavior in question.
- B. The battering pattern may change over time.
- C. The battering pattern is unpredictable.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because emphasizing that the battering pattern usually remains the same in frequency highlights the consistent and recurring nature of the behavior. This implies that the pattern is predictable and stable. Choice B is incorrect because it contradicts the idea of consistency in the battering pattern. Choice C is incorrect because it suggests unpredictability, which goes against the notion of the pattern remaining the same. Choice D is incorrect because option A aligns with the concept of the battering pattern being consistent in frequency and severity.
A patient whose boyfriend raped her during an argument tells the nurse, 'It's no use reporting it. No one will ever believe me, because everyone knows I've been sexually intimate with him many times before.' Which response by the nurse would have the greatest therapeutic value initially?
- A. You will need to talk to someone. Do you have a best friend to talk to?'
- B. It's not your fault. He needs to get help controlling his anger.'
- C. The police need to be aware that your boyfriend is willing to act this way when he's angry.'
- D. If you said 'no,' your boyfriend needs to respect your wishes. He needs help so this will never happen again.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer D:
1. Acknowledges the patient's agency and emphasizes consent.
2. Validates the patient's experience and emphasizes boundaries.
3. Encourages the patient to prioritize her safety and well-being.
4. Addresses the need for intervention and prevention of future harm.
Summary:
A: Does not address the issue of consent or the need for intervention.
B: Shifts focus from perpetrator to victim, potentially placing blame.
C: Focuses on legal action without addressing the patient's emotional needs.
D: Empowers the patient, emphasizes consent, and prioritizes safety and prevention.
A patient with schizophrenia is admitted to the psychiatric unit in an acutely disturbed, violent state. He is given several doses of haloperidol (Haldol) and becomes calm and approachable. During rounds the nurse notices the patient has his head rotated to one side in a stiffly fixed position. His lower jaw is thrust forward and he appears severely anxious. The patient has ______, and the nurse should ______.
- A. a dystonic reaction"¦administer PRN IM benztropine (Cogentin)
- B. tardive dyskinesia"¦seek a change in the drug or its dosage
- C. waxy flexibility"¦continue treatment with antipsychotic drugs
- D. akathisia"¦administer PRN diphenhydramine (Benadryl) PO
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a dystonic reaction"¦administer PRN IM benztropine (Cogentin).
1. Step: Identify the symptoms - The patient has head rotation, stiff fixed position, and lower jaw thrust forward, indicating dystonia.
2. Step: Understand dystonic reactions - Dystonia is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications like haloperidol.
3. Step: Choose appropriate treatment - Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat acute dystonic reactions.
4. Step: Administer the medication - IM benztropine is the correct route for acute treatment of dystonia.
Summary:
- Choice B (tardive dyskinesia) is incorrect because the symptoms described are acute and not consistent with the gradual onset of tardive dyskinesia.
- Choice C (waxy flexibility) is incorrect because it is a symptom of catatonia, not a side effect of ant