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Which example uses quotations correctly?
- A. "I'm not going to spoil my appetite," said Philip, as he pushed the plate of cookies away.
- B. "I'm not going to spoil my appetite," said Philip, as he pushed the plate of cookies away.
- C. "I'm not going to spoil my appetite," said Philip, "as he pushed the plate of cookies away."
- D. "I'm not going to spoil my appetite," said Philip, as he pushed the plate of cookies away.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Choice D is the correct answer as it uses quotation marks to properly set off the spoken words. In this sentence, the spoken words by Philip are enclosed within double quotation marks and correctly punctuated with a comma before the attribution 'said Philip.' Choices A, B, and C contain errors such as missing commas, incorrect placement of quotation marks, or incorrect punctuation within the quoted speech. For example, in Choice A, there should be a comma after 'appetite' within the quotation. In Choice B, the comma should be placed inside the quotation marks. Choice C incorrectly places the attribution 'said Philip' within the quotation of spoken words, which is not the standard practice.
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Which of the following sentences best serves as the topic sentence in a paragraph about the history of yoga?
- A. The word 'yoga' was mentioned in the Vedas, a collection of texts containing songs, mantras, and rituals used by Vedic priests.
- B. By the late 1800s, yoga masters from India began to travel to the West, attracting followers.
- C. After a few hundred years, yoga masters rejected the teachings of the ancient Vedas and embraced the physical body as the means to achieve enlightenment.
- D. The practice of yoga first developed in the Indus-Sarasvati civilization in Northern India over 5,000 years ago.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it introduces the historical origin of yoga, which is the main focus of the paragraph. This sentence sets the context by providing a foundational understanding of where and when yoga originated. Choice A talks about the mention of yoga in the Vedas but does not provide information about the historical development of yoga itself. Choice B discusses the travel of yoga masters to the West, which is a later development in the history of yoga and not the starting point. Choice C refers to a shift in yoga philosophy without directly addressing its origins, making it less suitable as a topic sentence compared to choice D.
Which of the following is a correctly punctuated complex sentence?
- A. Mary-Louise put on her softball jersey, and then she grabbed her bat.
- B. Before finishing her walk home, Raina stopped to watch the sunset.
- C. When Greta ran around third base, she noticed her cheering teammates.
- D. After we eat dinner, Marvin will do the dishes, and I will clean the counters.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Option B is the correct answer as it is a complex sentence with a dependent clause ('Before finishing her walk home') followed by an independent clause. In this sentence, 'Before finishing her walk home' acts as the dependent clause that sets the context for the main action, which is 'Raina stopped to watch the sunset.' Option A features two independent clauses connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction, making it a compound sentence. Option C also has two independent clauses separated by a semicolon, which is incorrect punctuation for a complex sentence. Option D consists of two independent clauses connected by a comma and a coordinating conjunction, forming a compound sentence rather than a complex sentence.
Which of the following examples is a sentence fragment?
- A. Believe me.
- B. On the 5:30 train.
- C. You probably know Sally.
- D. That's right.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'On the 5:30 train.' This is a sentence fragment because it does not contain a subject and a verb. In this case, 'On the 5:30 train' is a prepositional phrase, not a complete sentence. Choices A, C, and D are complete sentences as they have both a subject and a verb, making them grammatically correct and not sentence fragments.
Which of the following sentences is a fragment?
- A. Went to the store yesterday.
- B. She went to the store yesterday.
- C. Yesterday, she went to the store.
- D. She went to the store.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A - 'Went to the store yesterday.' This sentence is a fragment because it lacks a subject. A complete sentence should have both a subject and a verb. Choice B, C, and D are all complete sentences as they have both a subject ('She') and a verb ('went'). Therefore, they are not fragments.
Here's what I'd like you to bring tomorrow: two dozen cupcakes, a carton of milk, and party napkins. Which of the following punctuation marks best completes the sentence above?
- A. ;
- B. .
- C. :
- D. ,
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is a colon (C). In this sentence, the colon is used to introduce a list of items that the speaker wants you to bring. The colon is the most suitable punctuation mark in this context. Choice A (;) is incorrect because a semicolon is used to connect independent clauses or items in a list when those items contain commas. Choice B (.) is incorrect because a period ends a sentence and does not fit here as the sentence continues. Choice D (,) is incorrect because a comma is used to separate items in a list, but the sentence needs a punctuation mark that introduces the list.