Nokea
Which finding in a newborn is suggestive of tracheoesophageal fistula?
- A. Failure to pass meconium in 24 hours
- B. Choking on the first feeding
- C. Palpable mass in the sternal area
- D. Visible peristalsis across abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choking on the first feeding is a key indicator of tracheoesophageal fistula due to the abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea.
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Which is the most appropriate intervention for a 3-month-old infant who has gastroesophageal reflux?
- A. Position the infant in the crib on his or her abdomen, with the head elevated.
- B. Administer medication as ordered to stimulate the pyloric sphincter.
- C. Give thin rice cereal with formula before feeding solid foods.
- D. Place the infant in an infant seat after feedings.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prone positioning with the head elevated reduces intraabdominal pressure and helps manage gastroesophageal reflux.
What dietary modification would the nurse advise?
- A. Soft foods with rice, bananas, toast, and applesauce
- B. Small amounts of clear fluids such as gelatin
- C. An oral rehydrating solution, such as Pedialyte
- D. Chicken soup because it is high in sodium
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An oral rehydrating solution like Pedialyte replaces fluids and electrolytes lost in mild diarrhea.
What interventions will the nurse perform when feeding a child with pyloric stenosis?
- A. Give a formula thinned with water.
- B. Burp the infant before and during feeding.
- C. Give the feeding slowly.
- D. Refeed if the infant vomits.
- E. Position infant on left side after feeding.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: Burping, slow feeding, and refeeding if vomiting occurs help manage pyloric stenosis; the infant is positioned on the right side, not left.
What instruction will the nurse give to parents about preventing the spread and reinfection of pinworms?
- A. Keep children's nails short.
- B. Dress child in loose-fitting underwear.
- C. Clean the bathroom with bleach solution.
- D. Wash bed linens in cold water.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Keeping nails short prevents pinworm eggs from collecting under them, reducing spread and reinfection.
Which food would the nurse recommend to include in the child's diet?
- A. Cooked vegetables
- B. Pretzels
- C. Whole-grain cereal
- D. Yogurt
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Whole-grain cereal, a high-roughage food, helps alleviate constipation by promoting bowel movements.