Nokea
Why are rapid respirations a possible cause of dehydration?
- A. They prevent the child from drinking.
- B. They increase circulation, thus increasing urine production.
- C. They cause evaporation of fluid on the mucous membranes.
- D. They often lead to vomiting.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rapid respirations increase insensible fluid loss through evaporation from mucous membranes, contributing to dehydration.
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What is the most appropriate action?
- A. Induce vomiting by giving the child syrup of ipecac.
- B. Take the child to the local emergency department.
- C. Give the child activated charcoal mixed with juice.
- D. Give the child milk to soothe affected mucous membranes.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Taking the child to the emergency department with the ingested substance's packaging is the safest action for dishwashing detergent ingestion.
A child is brought into the ED with suspected appendicitis.
- A. Left lower quadrant pain
- B. Guarding
- C. Rebound tenderness
- D. Decreased C-reactive protein
- E. Pain on lifting thigh when supine
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: Guarding, rebound tenderness, and pain on thigh lifting are signs of appendicitis; pain is in the right lower quadrant, and C-reactive protein is elevated.
Which finding in a newborn is suggestive of tracheoesophageal fistula?
- A. Failure to pass meconium in 24 hours
- B. Choking on the first feeding
- C. Palpable mass in the sternal area
- D. Visible peristalsis across abdomen
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Choking on the first feeding is a key indicator of tracheoesophageal fistula due to the abnormal connection between the esophagus and trachea.
What will be the nurse's priority goal of the infant's care?
- A. Prevent fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
- B. Prevent nutritional deficiency.
- C. Prevent skin breakdown.
- D. Prevent malabsorption.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preventing fluid and electrolyte imbalance is the priority in acute gastroenteritis to avoid life-threatening complications.
Which statement made by her mother that may suggest a cause for her condition?
- A. I've been airing out the house on these nice breezy days.'
- B. My child often goes out to the garden and pulls up a carrot to eat.'
- C. She runs barefoot so much I have to wash her feet at least twice a day.'
- D. We just remodeled our bathroom at home.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Eating unwashed vegetables from the garden can expose the child to roundworm eggs in contaminated soil.