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Which finding would the nurse view as normal when evaluating the laboratory reports of a 34-week gestation client?
- A. Anemia.
- B. Thrombocytopenia.
- C. Polycythemia.
- D. Hyperbilirubinemia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anemia is relatively common in pregnancy due to increased blood volume and iron demands. Polycythemia, thrombocytopenia, and hyperbilirubinemia are not typical findings.
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The nurse is caring for a 16-year-old patient who is 32 weeks pregnant with her first child, who is male. The patient's mother has accompanied her to today's visit. During the nursing assessment, the patient mentions that she is no longer in a relationship with the baby's father but her mother plans to help her. However, the patient's mother asks whether this will have any impact on the child. Which should the nurse indicate the child is at increased risk of during his adolescence?
- A. Hypertension
- B. Diabetes
- C. Alcohol abuse
- D. Intraventricular bleeding
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Alcohol abuse. During adolescence, children of parents who have substance abuse issues, like alcohol, are at an increased risk of developing similar problems. This is due to genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and learned behavior. Children tend to model the behavior of their parents, and if they are exposed to alcohol abuse at a young age, they are more likely to engage in alcohol abuse themselves as they grow older.
Incorrect choices:
A: Hypertension - This choice is not directly related to the situation described and is not typically a risk factor associated with parental alcohol abuse.
B: Diabetes - Similar to choice A, diabetes is not directly linked to parental alcohol abuse and is not a common risk factor during adolescence in this scenario.
D: Intraventricular bleeding - This is a medical condition that is not typically influenced by parental alcohol abuse and is not a common risk factor during adolescence.
A nurse is caring for a postpartum person who is at risk for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
- A. Encourage ambulation
- B. Apply compression stockings
- C. Administer low-molecular-weight heparin
- D. Monitor for signs of edema
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Apply compression stockings. This intervention is appropriate for a postpartum person at risk for DVT as it helps promote circulation and prevent blood clots by applying pressure to the legs. Compression stockings are a safe and non-invasive method to reduce the risk of DVT. Encouraging ambulation (choice A) is important but may not be feasible immediately postpartum. Administering low-molecular-weight heparin (choice C) would require a prescription and may not be the first-line intervention. Monitoring for signs of edema (choice D) is important but does not directly address the prevention of DVT like compression stockings do.
The nurse explains that the birth weight of monozygotic twins is frequently below average. What is the most likely cause?
- A. Inadequate space in the uterus
- B. Inadequate blood supply
- C. Inadequate maternal health
- D. Inadequate placental nutrition
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The single placenta may not be able to provide adequate nutrition to two fetuses.
Which analysis of maternal serum is the best predictor of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus?
- A. Biophysical profile
- B. Multiple-marker screening
- C. Lecithin-to-sphingomyelin ratio
- D. Blood type and crossmatch of maternal and fetal serum
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Multiple-marker screening analyzes maternal serum for abnormal levels of AFP, hCG, inhibin A, and estriol to detect chromosomal defects.
A gravid woman who recently emigrated from mainland China is being seen at her first prenatal visit. She was never vaccinated in her home country. An injection to prevent which of the following communicable diseases should be administered to the woman during her pregnancy?
- A. Influenza.
- B. Mumps.
- C. Rubella.
- D. Varicella.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Influenza vaccination is safe and recommended during pregnancy to protect both the mother and fetus. Vaccines for Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella are live attenuated vaccines and are contraindicated during pregnancy.