Nokea
Which findings are presumptive signs of pregnancy? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Quickening
- B. Amenorrhea
- C. Ballottement
- D. Goodell's sign
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy because it refers to the absence of menstrual periods, which is a common indicator of pregnancy. Quickening, Ballottement, and Goodell's sign are not considered presumptive signs of pregnancy as they are more likely to be classified as probable or positive signs of pregnancy. Quickening is the first fetal movements felt by the mother, Ballottement is the passive bouncing of the fetus during a physical examination, and Goodell's sign refers to softening of the cervix. These signs are more specific and typically appear later in pregnancy compared to amenorrhea.
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Some pregnant patients may complain of changes in their voice and impaired hearing. The nurse can tell these patients that these are common reactions to:
- A. a decreased estrogen level.
- B. displacement of the diaphragm, resulting in thoracic breathing.
- C. congestion and swelling, which occur because the upper respiratory tract has become more vascular.
- D. increased blood volum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because during pregnancy, hormonal changes can lead to congestion and swelling in the upper respiratory tract due to increased vascularity. This can result in changes in voice and impaired hearing. Estrogen levels (choice A) typically increase during pregnancy and do not directly cause these symptoms. Displacement of the diaphragm (choice B) may occur but is more related to breathing changes rather than voice and hearing issues. Increased blood volume (choice D) is a common physiological change in pregnancy but is not directly associated with voice and hearing changes.
The uterus (also known as the womb) in the female reproductive system is located:
- A. Posterior and superior to the urinary bladder
- B. On the lateral side of the mammary glands
- C. Posterior to the testes
- D. Inferior to the vagina
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The uterus is anatomically located above and behind the urinary bladder in the pelvic cavity.
The mucous plug that forms in the endocervical canal is called the:
- A. operculum.
- B. leukorrhea.
- C. funic souffle.
- D. ballottement.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The operculum protects against bacterial invasion. Leukorrhea is the mucus that forms the endocervical plug (the operculum).
A client is 8 weeks pregnant and has been eating more times during the day but ingesting smaller amounts of food at each meal or snack. What is her most likely goal?
- A. Weight loss
- B. Managing waves of nausea
- C. Preventing gastric reflux
- D. Managing daytime fatigue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Managing waves of nausea. During early pregnancy, many women experience nausea, and eating small, frequent meals can help manage this symptom. Eating smaller amounts of food at each meal or snack can help prevent overwhelming the stomach and minimize nausea. Weight loss is unlikely in early pregnancy, preventing gastric reflux is not typically a goal at 8 weeks, and managing daytime fatigue is not typically addressed by eating smaller, more frequent meals.
A first-time mother at 18 weeks of gestation comes for her regularly scheduled prenatal visit. The patient tells the nurse that she is afraid that she is going into premature labor because she is beginning to have regular contractions. The nurse explains that this is the Braxton Hicks sign and teaches the patient that this type of contraction:
- A. is painless
- B. increases with walking
- C. causes cervical dilation
- D. impedes oxygen flow to the fetus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Braxton Hicks contractions are regular, painless, and do not cause cervical dilation or impede oxygen flow. They may cease with activity like walking.