Which health-care team member referral should be made by the nurse when a code is being conducted on a client in a community hospital?
- A. The hospital chaplain.
- B. The social worker.
- C. The respiratory therapist.
- D. The director of nurses.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The respiratory therapist manages airway and ventilation during a code, critical for resuscitation. Chaplain, social worker, and director are supportive, not acute.
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The client has expired secondary to smallpox. Which information about funeral arrangements is most important for the nurse to provide to the client’s family?
- A. The client should be cremated.
- B. Suggest an open casket funeral.
- C. Bury the client within 24 hours.
- D. Notify the public health department.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Notifying the public health department is critical for smallpox, a highly contagious disease, to ensure containment. Cremation, open caskets, and rapid burial are secondary.
The triage nurse in a large trauma center has been notified of an explosion in a major chemical manufacturing plant. Which action should the nurse implement first when the clients arrive at the emergency department?
- A. Triage the clients and send them to the appropriate areas.
- B. Thoroughly wash the clients with soap and water and then rinse.
- C. Remove the clients’ clothing and have them shower.
- D. Assume the clients have been decontaminated at the plant.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Removing contaminated clothing and showering prevents ongoing chemical exposure, the first priority. Triage follows, washing is part of decontamination, and assuming decontamination is unsafe.
The nurse is providing first aid to a victim of a poisonous snake bite. Which intervention should be the nurse’s first action?
- A. Apply a tourniquet to the affected limb.
- B. Cut an 'X' across the bite and suck out the venom.
- C. Administer a corticosteroid medication.
- D. Have the client lie still and remove constrictive items.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Immobilizing the limb and removing constrictive items (e.g., jewelry) prevents venom spread and swelling, the first action. Tourniquets, cutting, and steroids are outdated or secondary.
The health-care facility has been notified an alleged inhalation anthrax exposure has occurred at the local post office. Which category of personal protective equipment (PPE) should the response team wear?
- A. Level A.
- B. Level B.
- C. Level C.
- D. Level D.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Level C PPE (respirator and protective suit) is appropriate for inhalation anthrax, balancing protection and mobility. Level A is for highest risk, Level B for chemical hazards, and Level D is minimal.
The ED nurse is caring for a client who suffered a near-drowning. Which expected outcome should the nurse include in the plan of care for this client?
- A. Maintain the client’s cardiac function.
- B. Promote a continued decrease in lung surfactant.
- C. Warm rapidly to minimize the effects of hypothermia.
- D. Keep the oxygen saturation level above 93%.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining SpO2 >93% ensures adequate oxygenation post-near-drowning, preventing hypoxia. Cardiac function, surfactant loss, and rapid warming are secondary or incorrect.