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Which historical figure is honored for working to improve care of the mentally ill in mental health nursing?
- A. Clara Barton
- B. Florence Nightingale
- C. Dorothea Dix
- D. Lillian D. Wald
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dorothea Dix is the correct answer. She is recognized for her significant contributions in advocating for the improvement of care for the mentally ill. Dix played a crucial role in establishing mental health institutions and reforming the care provided to individuals with mental health conditions. While Clara Barton is known for founding the American Red Cross, Florence Nightingale is renowned as the founder of modern nursing, and Lillian D. Wald is recognized for her work in public health nursing, none of them are specifically honored for their work in improving care for the mentally ill in mental health nursing.
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When the nurse receives a shift report from the nurse going off shift and asks about a patient's state of mind and emotional needs, which aspect of Dr. Watson's theory is demonstrated?
- A. Intentionality
- B. Curiosity
- C. Caritas
- D. Holism
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Caritas. The act of inquiring about a patient's state of mind and emotional needs reflects the concept of Caritas in Dr. Watson's theory. Caritas involves showing deep concern, compassion, and love for the patient, going beyond just the physical aspects of care. Choice A, Intentionality, refers to the capacity for nurses to act deliberately with an ultimate goal in mind. Choice B, Curiosity, is not directly related to the specific action described in the question. Choice D, Holism, involves considering the patient as a whole being, including physical, emotional, social, and spiritual aspects, but it is not specifically demonstrated by inquiring about emotional needs and state of mind.
When caring for a patient who just received a terminal diagnosis and is tearful and frightened, what is the best action to demonstrate caring?
- A. Call the patient's spiritual leader to talk to the patient.
- B. Call the patient's family and ask them to come sit with the patient.
- C. Cry with the patient while sympathizing with their situation.
- D. Sit with the patient and listen to their fears.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In situations where a patient receives a terminal diagnosis and is emotionally distressed, it is essential to provide empathy and support. Sitting with the patient and actively listening to their fears allows the patient to express their emotions and concerns. This action demonstrates genuine care and compassion, showing the patient that their feelings are acknowledged and valued. It creates a therapeutic environment that fosters trust and emotional well-being, helping the patient cope with the distressing news. Calling the patient's spiritual leader (Choice A) may not address the immediate emotional needs of the patient. Calling the patient's family (Choice B) can be comforting but might not directly address the patient's fears. Crying with the patient (Choice C) can blur professional boundaries and may not be as beneficial as actively listening and providing support.
When the new graduate nurse shares a journal article about caring with peers, a more experienced nurse says, 'You'd be a lot better off studying pathophysiology instead of wasting time on caring.' How does the graduate interpret the experienced nurse's comment?
- A. The experienced nurse is just mean and doesn't like new graduates.
- B. The experienced nurse is most likely overworked and cranky.
- C. The experienced nurse was educated in the medical model.
- D. The experienced nurse is uncaring and dislikes new graduates.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The experienced nurse's comment likely reflects their education in the medical model, which emphasizes technical skills over caring. This suggests a difference in educational background rather than personal animosity towards new graduates. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes personal dislike without considering educational differences. Choice B is incorrect as it attributes the behavior to being overworked and cranky, which is not supported by the information given. Choice D is incorrect as it makes a broad assumption about the experienced nurse's character without considering the context of their comment.
According to Watson's theory, how should the nurse manager deal with a staff member who has a substance addiction and is arriving at work under the influence of the substance?
- A. Send the nurse home with instructions not to return until clear of the substance.
- B. Call the police and have the nurse arrested for working while impaired.
- C. Confront the nurse privately, order drug testing, and suggest a substance abuse program.
- D. Notify the board of nursing and fire the nurse immediately.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: According to Watson's theory, a caring approach is essential. Confronting the nurse privately, ordering drug testing, and suggesting a substance abuse program demonstrates empathy and supports the staff member in seeking help for their addiction. This approach aligns with the principles of human caring and compassion, focusing on the well-being and recovery of the individual rather than punitive measures. Choices A and D are too harsh and lack empathy, not considering the individual's well-being or offering support for rehabilitation. Choice B is inappropriate and punitive, not aligned with a caring and compassionate approach as advocated by Watson's theory.
How can a student nurse perform at their physical and emotional best?
- A. Getting adequate exercise.
- B. Eating plenty of carbohydrates the day before.
- C. Drinking caffeinated beverages before clinical.
- D. Studying late into the night to be prepared.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To perform at their physical and emotional best, it is essential for student nurses to engage in adequate exercise. Regular physical activity not only helps maintain physical health but also contributes to emotional well-being, which is crucial for optimal clinical performance. Exercise can help reduce stress, improve mood, increase energy levels, and enhance overall cognitive function, all of which are essential for students to perform effectively in clinical settings. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Eating plenty of carbohydrates the day before, drinking caffeinated beverages before clinical, and studying late into the night may not necessarily lead to optimal physical and emotional performance. While nutrition is important, a balanced diet is more effective than simply focusing on carbohydrates. Caffeinated beverages can lead to dehydration and interfere with sleep patterns, and studying late into the night can impair cognitive function and increase stress levels, which are counterproductive to performing at one's best.