Age Specific Care

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Which information would be important to incorporate when teaching about medications for dementia in a caregiver's support group? Select all that apply.

  • A. Antipsychotic medications have been shown to be the most useful category of drugs in reducing behavioral problems in dementias.
  • B. Most currently available medications slow the progress of the disease in 20% to 50% of patients but usually do not significantly improve functioning.
  • C. None of the currently available medications for dementias provide a cure.
  • D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it accurately conveys important information about medications for dementia to caregivers. It emphasizes that most medications do not significantly improve functioning but may slow disease progression in a subset of patients. This is crucial for setting realistic expectations.

Choice A is incorrect because antipsychotic medications are not the most useful category of drugs for reducing behavioral problems in dementia; they are associated with serious side effects and should be used cautiously.

Choice C is incorrect because it is essential for caregivers to understand that medications do not cure dementia; managing symptoms and slowing progression are the primary goals.

Choice D is incorrect as the correct answer is B, which provides valuable information for caregivers to understand the limitations and benefits of medications for dementia.

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Which of the following statements by a patient with anorexia nervosa indicates a need for further education?

  • A. I want to gain weight, but only if I can stay under 120 pounds.
  • B. I understand that my body weight is dangerously low.
  • C. I know that food is the enemy and I need to avoid it at all costs.
  • D. I am willing to work with my healthcare team to improve my nutrition.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it indicates a misunderstanding of anorexia nervosa. Patients with anorexia often see food as the enemy, which is a distorted perception. Understanding that food is necessary for nourishment and health is crucial in recovery. Choice A shows an unhealthy weight goal, choice B shows awareness of low weight, and choice D shows willingness to work with the healthcare team, all of which are positive signs.

Which nursing action should occur first regarding a patient who has a problem of sexual dysfunction or sexual disorder? The nurse should

  • A. develop an understanding of human sexual response.
  • B. assess the patient's sexual functioning and needs.
  • C. acquire knowledge of the patient's sexual roles.
  • D. clarify own personal values about sexuality.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because clarifying the nurse's own personal values about sexuality is crucial before addressing a patient's sexual dysfunction. By understanding personal biases or judgments, the nurse can provide unbiased care. Assessing the patient's needs (B) should follow, as it directly addresses the patient's concerns. Developing an understanding of human sexual response (A) is important, but not as urgent as addressing personal values. Acquiring knowledge of the patient's sexual roles (C) is less relevant and should come after understanding the patient's needs.

Which activity best supports cognitive growth in infants?

  • A. Listening to music
  • B. Tummy time
  • C. Reading aloud
  • D. Watching TV
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Reading aloud (C) stimulates language acquisition and cognitive connections in infants. Music (A) and tummy time (B) aid development, but reading has a stronger cognitive impact. TV (D) is less interactive and less beneficial.

Which of the following assessments is most appropriate for a patient with anorexia nervosa?

  • A. Monitor fluid intake exclusively.
  • B. Check weight daily without discussing it with the patient.
  • C. Observe the patient's response to meals, including food refusal or purging behavior.
  • D. Monitor for signs of vitamin and mineral deficiencies.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because observing the patient's response to meals, including food refusal or purging behavior, is crucial in assessing the patient's eating habits and behaviors associated with anorexia nervosa. This assessment helps in understanding the patient's relationship with food and identifying any disordered eating patterns. Monitoring fluid intake exclusively (Choice A) is not sufficient as it overlooks the broader aspects of the patient's eating behaviors. Checking weight daily without discussing it with the patient (Choice B) can be triggering and may not provide a comprehensive understanding of the patient's eating disorder. Monitoring for signs of vitamin and mineral deficiencies (Choice D) is important but does not directly address the specific behaviors associated with anorexia nervosa.

What is the primary nursing concern for a patient with anorexia nervosa during the early stages of treatment?

  • A. Ensuring rapid weight gain to restore health.
  • B. Addressing the patient's psychological issues related to body image.
  • C. Maintaining nutritional intake to prevent further weight loss.
  • D. Promoting self-esteem and body image satisfaction.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The primary nursing concern for a patient with anorexia nervosa in the early stages of treatment is maintaining nutritional intake to prevent further weight loss. This is crucial as malnutrition can lead to serious health complications. Ensuring adequate nutrition supports physical health and provides a foundation for addressing psychological issues in later stages of treatment. Rapid weight gain (A) can be harmful and lead to refeeding syndrome. Addressing psychological issues (B) and promoting self-esteem (D) are important but secondary concerns once nutritional stability is achieved.

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