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Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching a client about self-administration of a bulk-forming laxative?
- A. Avoid the intake of dairy products while using the medication.
- B. Remain upright for thirty minutes following drug administration.
- C. Take the medication one hour after meals and other medications.
- D. Follow medication administration with an additional glass of water.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Bulk-forming laxatives require ample water to prevent choking and ensure efficacy. Dairy avoidance, staying upright, or specific post-meal timing are not necessary.
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Levothyroxine sodium is prescribed for a client with hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to report which symptom because it indicates that the client is taking too much levothyroxine sodium?
- A. Constipation.
- B. Decreased appetite.
- C. Restlessness.
- D. Intolerance to cold.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Restlessness indicates hyperthyroidism, suggesting excessive levothyroxine. Constipation, decreased appetite, and cold intolerance are hypothyroidism symptoms, not overdose.
The nurse is providing discharge instructions for a client with metastatic cancer who is prescribed morphine for bone pain. Which information from the client indicates to the nurse an understanding of the medication?
- A. Observe bowel movement pattern and take a stool softener.
- B. Watch for signs of agitation and record any insomnia.
- C. Take the benzodiazepine at the same time as taking the morphine.
- D. Do not drink grapefruit juice after taking morphine.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Morphine causes constipation, so monitoring bowel movements and using a stool softener demonstrates understanding. Agitation/insomnia, benzodiazepine timing, and grapefruit juice are not primary concerns.
A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is receiving calcium acetate 667 mg PO. A decrease in which blood value indicates to the nurse that the medication is having the desired effect?
- A. pH.
- B. Phosphate.
- C. Potassium.
- D. Calcium.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Calcium acetate lowers phosphate levels in CKD by binding dietary phosphate. A decreased phosphate level indicates effectiveness. pH, potassium, and calcium are not primary targets.
The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension, gastroesophageal reflux, and osteoarthritis. While performing a bedside assessment, the nurse observes the client is alert and oriented, but is exhibiting signs of jaundice. The nurse should notify the healthcare provider about which scheduled medication?
- A. Captopril.
- B. Acetaminophen.
- C. Omeprazole.
- D. Prednisone.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Acetaminophen can cause liver toxicity, manifesting as jaundice, especially with high doses. Captopril, omeprazole, and prednisone are less commonly associated with jaundice.
The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which action should the nurse plan to include in the discharge teaching?
- A. Demonstrate how to select dose based on before meal blood sugar readings.
- B. Provide information on increasing medication dosage if ketoacidosis occurs.
- C. Teach the client self-injection skills for daily subcutaneous administration.
- D. Explain to the family how to inject this medication for severe hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine requires daily subcutaneous administration, so teaching self-injection skills is essential. It’s not dosed based on meal readings, adjusted for ketoacidosis, or used for hypoglycemia.