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Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching the parents about the administration of oral penicillin to their child?
- A. Give the medication with a full glass of orange juice.
- B. Give the medication after a large meal.
- C. Continue the medication even if the child develops a rash.
- D. Continue the medication for the full course of therapy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Completing the full course of penicillin therapy eradicates the infection and prevents recurrence or resistance, especially for streptococcal infections.
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Because the burned child is confined to bed, the nurse assesses for footdrop. Which nursing action best prevents call the development of footdrop?
- A. Apply braces to the feet and ankles.
- B. Keep the child in the side-lying position.
- C. Keep sheets tucked in at the foot of the bed.
- D. Rest the child's feet against a footboard.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Resting the child's feet against a footboard maintains a neutral position, preventing plantar flexion and footdrop during prolonged bed rest.
Which statement by the client indicates a need for additional teaching about genital herpes?
- A. Males who have genital herpes need a yearly prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.
- B. Females who have genital herpes need a Papanicolaou (Pap) test every 6 months.
- C. Genital herpes is closely associated with the occurrence of sterility.
- D. Genital herpes is closely associated with Hodgkin's disease.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Genital herpes is not associated with a need for yearly PSA tests in males, indicating a misconception. Regular Pap tests may be recommended for females due to increased cervical cancer risk with certain STIs, but the PSA statement is incorrect.
Vaginal examination is contraindicated in pregnancy in which situation:
- A. Carcinoma of cervix.
- B. Gonorrhoea.
- C. Prolapsed cord.
- D. Placenta previa.
- E. Active labour.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Placenta previa contraindicates vaginal examination due to the risk of provoking severe hemorrhage. Other conditions may require caution but are not absolute contraindications.
If the parents of a child with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy are having a difficult time accepting the diagnosis, which nursing action is most beneficial to the family?
- A. Recommend that the parents place the child in an institution.
- B. Recommend that the parents contact the local social welfare agency.
- C. Recommend that the parents talk with other parents who have children with muscular dystrophy.
- D. Recommend that the parents read as much literature as possible about treatment of muscular dystrophy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Connecting with other parents who have children with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy provides emotional support and practical insights, helping the family cope with the diagnosis.
The nurse would expect to withhold penicillin V (Pen-Vee-K) and notify the physician if the child had a previous allergic reaction to a medication from which drug group?
- A. Aminoglycosides
- B. Cephalosporins
- C. Macrolides
- D. Sulfonamides
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Penicillin V is a penicillin antibiotic, and cephalosporins have a similar beta-lactam structure, which can lead to cross-reactivity in patients with penicillin allergies. Withholding penicillin and notifying the physician is necessary if the child has a cephalosporin allergy.