Nokea
Which instruction should the nurse include when teaching the parents about the administration of oral penicillin to their child?
- A. Give the medication with a full glass of orange juice.
- B. Give the medication after a large meal.
- C. Continue the medication even if the child develops a rash.
- D. Continue the medication for the full course of therapy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Completing the full course of penicillin therapy eradicates the infection and prevents recurrence or resistance, especially for streptococcal infections.
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Which findings by the nurse best indicate that the child is experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis? Select all that apply.
- A. Blood glucose level of 120 mg/dL
- B. Fruity-smelling breath
- C. Pale-colored face
- D. Excessive perspiration
- E. Deep, rapid breathing
- F. Dry, flushed skin
Correct Answer: B,E,F
Rationale: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is characterized by hyperglycemia (blood glucose typically >250 mg/dL, so 120 mg/dL is incorrect), fruity-smelling breath due to acetone, deep and rapid breathing (Kussmaul respirations) to compensate for acidosis, and dry, flushed skin due to dehydration.
A 23 years old primigravida comes in labour room for induction of labour. Cervix is closed and 3 cm long. Which of the following medicine will be given to her for cervical ripening?
- A. Methergin.
- B. Salbutamol.
- C. Prostaglandin E2.
- D. Paracetamol.
- E. Methyldopa.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Prostaglandin E2 is used for cervical ripening in induction of labor as it softens and dilates the cervix. Other medications are not indicated for this purpose.
Perinatal mortality rate is defined as:
- A. Number of perinatal deaths per thousand live births and still births.
- B. Deaths in the first week after birth.
- C. All still births plus deaths in the first week after birth.
- D. Deaths from age 7 days the 27 completed days of life.
- E. Deaths in first week after birth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Perinatal mortality rate is defined as the number of stillbirths and deaths in the first week of life per 1000 live births and stillbirths capturing early neonatal and late fetal losses.
The common possible cause of oligohydramnios is:
- A. Oesophageal atresia.
- B. Placental haemangioma.
- C. Renal agenesis.
- D. Diabetes mellitus.
- E. Rh incompatibility.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Renal agenesis leads to oligohydramnios because the fetus cannot produce urine a major component of amniotic fluid. Other options are less commonly associated with reduced amniotic fluid.
Calculating from the date of the mother’s last menstrual period,the nurse determines that her newborn’s gestational age is 40 weeks. Which normal findings should the nurse expect when assessing this newborn at birth? Select all that apply.
- A. Hypertonic flexion of all extremities.
- B. Sole creases on the anterior two-thirds of the sole.
- C. Well-defined incurving of the entire ear pinna.
- D. Presence of a prominent clitoris.
- E. Infant is able to support the head momentarily when pulled to a sitting position.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Full-term newborns (40 weeks) exhibit hypertonic flexion well-defined ear pinna incurving and momentary head support. Sole creases over two-thirds indicate ~37 weeks and a prominent clitoris is seen at 30–32 weeks.