Nokea
Which is a by-product of protein metabolism?
- A. Urine
- B. Protease
- C. Amylase
- D. Ammonia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Protein products enter the bloodstream and are changed in the bowel to ammonia; the products then pass through the portal vein to the liver where the ammonia is converted to urea, which is then excreted by the kidneys.
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Hepatitis D is usually seen as a coinfection with
Correct Answer: hepatitis B
Rationale: Hepatitis D is usually seen as a coinfection with hepatitis B.
The patient with cirrhosis has a rising ammonia level and is becoming disoriented. The patient's hands flap when the patient stretches out the arm. How will the nurse interpret this?
- A. As an attempt to get the nurse's attention
- B. As asterixis
- C. As an indication of respiratory obstruction from varices
- D. As spasticity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asterixis is the 'flapping tremor' seen as the patient deteriorates into ammonia intoxication or hepatic encephalopathy.
Which is the most appropriate method used by high-risk health workers to prevent hepatitis B?
- A. Hepatitis B vaccine
- B. Diligent hand washing
- C. Wearing protective gear
- D. Hb immune globulin injections
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The best preventive measure against the contraction of hepatitis B is HBV vaccine.
The nurse clarifies that which event happens to unconjugated bilirubin, which is made up of broken-down red cells?
- A. It is stored in the gallbladder to make bile.
- B. Water-insoluble bilirubin must be converted by the liver.
- C. A by-product is excreted directly into the bowel for excretion.
- D. Red blood cells are necessary for digestion of fats.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Unconjugated bilirubin is a water-insoluble product that must be converted in the liver to conjugated bilirubin (water soluble) so that it may be excreted through the bowel.
The 100 lb patient who has been exposed to hepatitis A is to receive an injection of immune serum globulin. What should the dose (0.02 mL/kg) be?
- A. 0.9 mL
- B. 1.4 mL
- C. 1.6 mL
- D. 1.8 mL
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 100 lb / 2.2 kg = 45.4 kg. 45.4 kg ? 0.02 mL/kg = 0.9 mL.